Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities
Expected lower sea-ice cover and increased storm frequency have led to projections of an increase in seaweed detritus in Arctic marine systems in the near future. To assess whether detached seaweed affects structural and functional traits of species assemblages in soft-bottom habitats, comparable ex...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Frontiers Media SA
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885/full |
id |
crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 2024-02-11T10:01:11+01:00 Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities Díaz, María José Buschbaum, Christian Renaud, Paul E. Molis, Markus 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Marine Science volume 8 ISSN 2296-7745 Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography journal-article 2021 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 2024-01-26T10:05:08Z Expected lower sea-ice cover and increased storm frequency have led to projections of an increase in seaweed detritus in Arctic marine systems in the near future. To assess whether detached seaweed affects structural and functional traits of species assemblages in soft-bottom habitats, comparable experiments were run in two intertidal sites (Longyearbyen and Thiisbukta) on Svalbard. At each site, we fixed nets containing the locally dominating seaweeds Saccharina latissima and Desmarestia aculeata (Thiisbukta) or Fucus sp. (Longyearbyen) to intertidal mud flats. Empty nets were fixed as procedural controls at both sites. After 2.5 months, one sediment core was taken from each manipulated plot and the number of individuals, dry mass, and average length of each encountered animal taxon were recorded. The same measurements were taken from cores collected from unmanipulated areas at each site, both at the start and end of the experiment. Abundance data were used to calculate estimates of diversity (Shannon-index, evenness, and taxon richness), while initial and final average length measurements were used to estimate taxon-specific growth. Log response ratios of initial and final abundance in unmanipulated areas were used to estimate magnitude and direction of the effect of change in community traits over time, serving as a reference to log response ratios estimating manipulated seaweed effects. In Longyearbyen, the presence of detached seaweeds reduced abundance and dry mass by, on average, 46 and 70%, respectively, compared to unmanipulated benthic communities. In Thiisbukta, the presence of seaweeds enhanced evenness, on average by 16%, but reduced abundance and growth of benthic fauna by, on average, 31 and 86%, respectively. Seaweed effects were generally smaller in Thiisbukta than in Longyearbyen. At both sites, time effects were generally opposite in direction to those caused by the seaweed treatments, yet of similar or larger magnitude. Through reversing temporal dynamics of several of the tested community ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Longyearbyen Sea ice Svalbard Frontiers (Publisher) Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Thiisbukta ENVELOPE(11.959,11.959,78.926,78.926) Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers (Publisher) |
op_collection_id |
crfrontiers |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography Díaz, María José Buschbaum, Christian Renaud, Paul E. Molis, Markus Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities |
topic_facet |
Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography |
description |
Expected lower sea-ice cover and increased storm frequency have led to projections of an increase in seaweed detritus in Arctic marine systems in the near future. To assess whether detached seaweed affects structural and functional traits of species assemblages in soft-bottom habitats, comparable experiments were run in two intertidal sites (Longyearbyen and Thiisbukta) on Svalbard. At each site, we fixed nets containing the locally dominating seaweeds Saccharina latissima and Desmarestia aculeata (Thiisbukta) or Fucus sp. (Longyearbyen) to intertidal mud flats. Empty nets were fixed as procedural controls at both sites. After 2.5 months, one sediment core was taken from each manipulated plot and the number of individuals, dry mass, and average length of each encountered animal taxon were recorded. The same measurements were taken from cores collected from unmanipulated areas at each site, both at the start and end of the experiment. Abundance data were used to calculate estimates of diversity (Shannon-index, evenness, and taxon richness), while initial and final average length measurements were used to estimate taxon-specific growth. Log response ratios of initial and final abundance in unmanipulated areas were used to estimate magnitude and direction of the effect of change in community traits over time, serving as a reference to log response ratios estimating manipulated seaweed effects. In Longyearbyen, the presence of detached seaweeds reduced abundance and dry mass by, on average, 46 and 70%, respectively, compared to unmanipulated benthic communities. In Thiisbukta, the presence of seaweeds enhanced evenness, on average by 16%, but reduced abundance and growth of benthic fauna by, on average, 31 and 86%, respectively. Seaweed effects were generally smaller in Thiisbukta than in Longyearbyen. At both sites, time effects were generally opposite in direction to those caused by the seaweed treatments, yet of similar or larger magnitude. Through reversing temporal dynamics of several of the tested community ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Díaz, María José Buschbaum, Christian Renaud, Paul E. Molis, Markus |
author_facet |
Díaz, María José Buschbaum, Christian Renaud, Paul E. Molis, Markus |
author_sort |
Díaz, María José |
title |
Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities |
title_short |
Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities |
title_full |
Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Detached Seaweeds on Structure and Function of Arctic Intertidal Soft-Bottom Communities |
title_sort |
effects of detached seaweeds on structure and function of arctic intertidal soft-bottom communities |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885/full |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(11.959,11.959,78.926,78.926) |
geographic |
Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Thiisbukta |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Thiisbukta |
genre |
Arctic Longyearbyen Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Longyearbyen Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science volume 8 ISSN 2296-7745 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.575885 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
_version_ |
1790596943351644160 |