Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics
Anadromous salmonids begin life adapted to the freshwater environments of their natal streams before a developmental transition, known as smoltification, transforms them into marine-adapted fish. In the wild, smoltification is a photoperiod-regulated process, involving radical remodeling of gill fun...
Published in: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889/full |
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889 2024-06-23T07:51:18+00:00 Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics West, Alexander C. Mizoro, Yasutaka Wood, Shona H. Ince, Louise M. Iversen, Marianne Jørgensen, Even H. Nome, Torfinn Sandve, Simen Rød Martin, Samuel A. M. Loudon, Andrew S. I. Hazlerigg, David G. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Immunology volume 12 ISSN 1664-3224 journal-article 2021 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889 2024-06-11T04:07:48Z Anadromous salmonids begin life adapted to the freshwater environments of their natal streams before a developmental transition, known as smoltification, transforms them into marine-adapted fish. In the wild, smoltification is a photoperiod-regulated process, involving radical remodeling of gill function to cope with the profound osmotic and immunological challenges of seawater (SW) migration. While prior work has highlighted the role of specialized “mitochondrion-rich” cells (MRCs) and accessory cells (ACs) in delivering this phenotype, recent RNA profiling experiments suggest that remodeling is far more extensive than previously appreciated. Here, we use single-nuclei RNAseq to characterize the extent of cytological changes in the gill of Atlantic salmon during smoltification and SW transfer. We identify 20 distinct cell clusters, including known, but also novel gill cell types. These data allow us to isolate cluster-specific, smoltification-associated changes in gene expression and to describe how the cellular make-up of the gill changes through smoltification. As expected, we noted an increase in the proportion of seawater mitochondrion-rich cells, however, we also identify previously unknown reduction of several immune-related cell types. Overall, our results provide fresh detail of the cellular complexity in the gill and suggest that smoltification triggers unexpected immune reprogramming. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Immunology 12 |
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Anadromous salmonids begin life adapted to the freshwater environments of their natal streams before a developmental transition, known as smoltification, transforms them into marine-adapted fish. In the wild, smoltification is a photoperiod-regulated process, involving radical remodeling of gill function to cope with the profound osmotic and immunological challenges of seawater (SW) migration. While prior work has highlighted the role of specialized “mitochondrion-rich” cells (MRCs) and accessory cells (ACs) in delivering this phenotype, recent RNA profiling experiments suggest that remodeling is far more extensive than previously appreciated. Here, we use single-nuclei RNAseq to characterize the extent of cytological changes in the gill of Atlantic salmon during smoltification and SW transfer. We identify 20 distinct cell clusters, including known, but also novel gill cell types. These data allow us to isolate cluster-specific, smoltification-associated changes in gene expression and to describe how the cellular make-up of the gill changes through smoltification. As expected, we noted an increase in the proportion of seawater mitochondrion-rich cells, however, we also identify previously unknown reduction of several immune-related cell types. Overall, our results provide fresh detail of the cellular complexity in the gill and suggest that smoltification triggers unexpected immune reprogramming. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
West, Alexander C. Mizoro, Yasutaka Wood, Shona H. Ince, Louise M. Iversen, Marianne Jørgensen, Even H. Nome, Torfinn Sandve, Simen Rød Martin, Samuel A. M. Loudon, Andrew S. I. Hazlerigg, David G. |
spellingShingle |
West, Alexander C. Mizoro, Yasutaka Wood, Shona H. Ince, Louise M. Iversen, Marianne Jørgensen, Even H. Nome, Torfinn Sandve, Simen Rød Martin, Samuel A. M. Loudon, Andrew S. I. Hazlerigg, David G. Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics |
author_facet |
West, Alexander C. Mizoro, Yasutaka Wood, Shona H. Ince, Louise M. Iversen, Marianne Jørgensen, Even H. Nome, Torfinn Sandve, Simen Rød Martin, Samuel A. M. Loudon, Andrew S. I. Hazlerigg, David G. |
author_sort |
West, Alexander C. |
title |
Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics |
title_short |
Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics |
title_full |
Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics |
title_fullStr |
Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immunologic Profiling of the Atlantic Salmon Gill by Single Nuclei Transcriptomics |
title_sort |
immunologic profiling of the atlantic salmon gill by single nuclei transcriptomics |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889/full |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Frontiers in Immunology volume 12 ISSN 1664-3224 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669889 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Immunology |
container_volume |
12 |
_version_ |
1802642351269609472 |