Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure
Background Allergic airway disease (AAD) is a growing concern in industrialized nations and can be influenced by fungal exposures. Basidiomycota yeast species such as Cryptococcus neoformans are known to exacerbate allergic airway disease; however, recent indoor assessments have identified other Bas...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475/full |
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475 2024-03-31T07:52:25+00:00 Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure Rush, Rachael E. Blackwood, Catherine B. Lemons, Angela R. Dannemiller, Karen C. Green, Brett J. Croston, Tara L. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology volume 13 ISSN 2235-2988 Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical) Immunology Microbiology journal-article 2023 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475 2024-03-05T00:14:15Z Background Allergic airway disease (AAD) is a growing concern in industrialized nations and can be influenced by fungal exposures. Basidiomycota yeast species such as Cryptococcus neoformans are known to exacerbate allergic airway disease; however, recent indoor assessments have identified other Basidiomycota yeasts, including Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae ), to be prevalent and potentially associated with asthma. Until now, the murine pulmonary immune response to repeated V. victoriae exposure was previously unexplored. Objective This study aimed to compare the immunological impact of repeated pulmonary exposure to Cryptococcus yeasts. Methods Mice were repeatedly exposed to an immunogenic dose of C. neoformans or V. victoriae via oropharyngeal aspiration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected to examine airway remodeling, inflammation, mucous production, cellular influx, and cytokine responses at 1 day and 21 days post final exposure. The responses to C. neoformans and V. victoriae were analyzed and compared. Results Following repeated exposure, both C. neoformans and V. victoriae cells were still detectable in the lungs 21 days post final exposure. Repeated C. neoformans exposure initiated myeloid and lymphoid cellular infiltration into the lung that worsened over time, as well as an IL-4 and IL-5 response compared to PBS-exposed controls. In contrast, repeated V. victoriae exposure induced a strong CD4 + T cell-driven lymphoid response that started to resolve by 21 days post final exposure. Discussion C. neoformans remained in the lungs and exacerbated the pulmonary immune responses as expected following repeated exposure. The persistence of V. victoriae in the lung and strong lymphoid response following repeated exposure were unexpected given its lack of reported involvement in AAD. Given the abundance in indoor environments and industrial utilization of V. victoriae , these results highlight the importance to investigate the impact of frequently detected fungal ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Cryptococcus victoriae Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 13 |
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Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical) Immunology Microbiology |
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Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical) Immunology Microbiology Rush, Rachael E. Blackwood, Catherine B. Lemons, Angela R. Dannemiller, Karen C. Green, Brett J. Croston, Tara L. Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
topic_facet |
Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical) Immunology Microbiology |
description |
Background Allergic airway disease (AAD) is a growing concern in industrialized nations and can be influenced by fungal exposures. Basidiomycota yeast species such as Cryptococcus neoformans are known to exacerbate allergic airway disease; however, recent indoor assessments have identified other Basidiomycota yeasts, including Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae ), to be prevalent and potentially associated with asthma. Until now, the murine pulmonary immune response to repeated V. victoriae exposure was previously unexplored. Objective This study aimed to compare the immunological impact of repeated pulmonary exposure to Cryptococcus yeasts. Methods Mice were repeatedly exposed to an immunogenic dose of C. neoformans or V. victoriae via oropharyngeal aspiration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected to examine airway remodeling, inflammation, mucous production, cellular influx, and cytokine responses at 1 day and 21 days post final exposure. The responses to C. neoformans and V. victoriae were analyzed and compared. Results Following repeated exposure, both C. neoformans and V. victoriae cells were still detectable in the lungs 21 days post final exposure. Repeated C. neoformans exposure initiated myeloid and lymphoid cellular infiltration into the lung that worsened over time, as well as an IL-4 and IL-5 response compared to PBS-exposed controls. In contrast, repeated V. victoriae exposure induced a strong CD4 + T cell-driven lymphoid response that started to resolve by 21 days post final exposure. Discussion C. neoformans remained in the lungs and exacerbated the pulmonary immune responses as expected following repeated exposure. The persistence of V. victoriae in the lung and strong lymphoid response following repeated exposure were unexpected given its lack of reported involvement in AAD. Given the abundance in indoor environments and industrial utilization of V. victoriae , these results highlight the importance to investigate the impact of frequently detected fungal ... |
author2 |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rush, Rachael E. Blackwood, Catherine B. Lemons, Angela R. Dannemiller, Karen C. Green, Brett J. Croston, Tara L. |
author_facet |
Rush, Rachael E. Blackwood, Catherine B. Lemons, Angela R. Dannemiller, Karen C. Green, Brett J. Croston, Tara L. |
author_sort |
Rush, Rachael E. |
title |
Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
title_short |
Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
title_full |
Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
title_fullStr |
Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
title_sort |
persisting cryptococcus yeast species vishniacozyma victoriae and cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475/full |
genre |
Cryptococcus victoriae |
genre_facet |
Cryptococcus victoriae |
op_source |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology volume 13 ISSN 2235-2988 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
container_volume |
13 |
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1795031527842643968 |