Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic
As the Arctic continues to warm, woody shrubs are expected to expand northward. This process, known as ‘shrubification,’ has important implications for regional biodiversity, food web structure, and high-latitude temperature amplification. While the future rate of shrubification remains poorly const...
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2023
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.87749 https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/87749/elife-87749-v1.pdf https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/87749/elife-87749-v1.xml https://elifesciences.org/articles/87749 |
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crelifesciences:10.7554/elife.87749 2023-12-31T10:03:20+01:00 Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic Harning, David J Sacco, Samuel Anamthawat-Jónsson, Kesara Ardenghi, Nicolò Thordarson, Thor Raberg, Jonathan H Sepúlveda, Julio Geirsdóttir, Áslaug Shapiro, Beth Miller, Gifford H National Science Foundation 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.87749 https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/87749/elife-87749-v1.pdf https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/87749/elife-87749-v1.xml https://elifesciences.org/articles/87749 en eng eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ eLife volume 12 ISSN 2050-084X General Immunology and Microbiology General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine General Neuroscience journal-article 2023 crelifesciences https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.87749 2023-12-01T08:49:28Z As the Arctic continues to warm, woody shrubs are expected to expand northward. This process, known as ‘shrubification,’ has important implications for regional biodiversity, food web structure, and high-latitude temperature amplification. While the future rate of shrubification remains poorly constrained, past records of plant immigration to newly deglaciated landscapes in the Arctic may serve as useful analogs. We provide one new postglacial Holocene sedimentary ancient DNA ( sed aDNA) record of vascular plants from Iceland and place a second Iceland postglacial sed aDNA record on an improved geochronology; both show Salicaceae present shortly after deglaciation, whereas Betulaceae first appears more than 1000 y later. We find a similar pattern of delayed Betulaceae colonization in eight previously published postglacial sed aDNA records from across the glaciated circum North Atlantic. In nearly all cases, we find that Salicaceae colonizes earlier than Betulaceae and that Betulaceae colonization is increasingly delayed for locations farther from glacial-age woody plant refugia. These trends in Salicaceae and Betulaceae colonization are consistent with the plant families’ environmental tolerances, species diversity, reproductive strategies, seed sizes, and soil preferences. As these reconstructions capture the efficiency of postglacial vascular plant migration during a past period of high-latitude warming, a similarly slow response of some woody shrubs to current warming in glaciated regions, and possibly non-glaciated tundra, may delay Arctic shrubification and future changes in the structure of tundra ecosystems and temperature amplification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Iceland North Atlantic Tundra eLife (E-Journal - via Crossref) eLife 12 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
eLife (E-Journal - via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crelifesciences |
language |
English |
topic |
General Immunology and Microbiology General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine General Neuroscience |
spellingShingle |
General Immunology and Microbiology General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine General Neuroscience Harning, David J Sacco, Samuel Anamthawat-Jónsson, Kesara Ardenghi, Nicolò Thordarson, Thor Raberg, Jonathan H Sepúlveda, Julio Geirsdóttir, Áslaug Shapiro, Beth Miller, Gifford H Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic |
topic_facet |
General Immunology and Microbiology General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine General Neuroscience |
description |
As the Arctic continues to warm, woody shrubs are expected to expand northward. This process, known as ‘shrubification,’ has important implications for regional biodiversity, food web structure, and high-latitude temperature amplification. While the future rate of shrubification remains poorly constrained, past records of plant immigration to newly deglaciated landscapes in the Arctic may serve as useful analogs. We provide one new postglacial Holocene sedimentary ancient DNA ( sed aDNA) record of vascular plants from Iceland and place a second Iceland postglacial sed aDNA record on an improved geochronology; both show Salicaceae present shortly after deglaciation, whereas Betulaceae first appears more than 1000 y later. We find a similar pattern of delayed Betulaceae colonization in eight previously published postglacial sed aDNA records from across the glaciated circum North Atlantic. In nearly all cases, we find that Salicaceae colonizes earlier than Betulaceae and that Betulaceae colonization is increasingly delayed for locations farther from glacial-age woody plant refugia. These trends in Salicaceae and Betulaceae colonization are consistent with the plant families’ environmental tolerances, species diversity, reproductive strategies, seed sizes, and soil preferences. As these reconstructions capture the efficiency of postglacial vascular plant migration during a past period of high-latitude warming, a similarly slow response of some woody shrubs to current warming in glaciated regions, and possibly non-glaciated tundra, may delay Arctic shrubification and future changes in the structure of tundra ecosystems and temperature amplification. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Harning, David J Sacco, Samuel Anamthawat-Jónsson, Kesara Ardenghi, Nicolò Thordarson, Thor Raberg, Jonathan H Sepúlveda, Julio Geirsdóttir, Áslaug Shapiro, Beth Miller, Gifford H |
author_facet |
Harning, David J Sacco, Samuel Anamthawat-Jónsson, Kesara Ardenghi, Nicolò Thordarson, Thor Raberg, Jonathan H Sepúlveda, Julio Geirsdóttir, Áslaug Shapiro, Beth Miller, Gifford H |
author_sort |
Harning, David J |
title |
Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic |
title_short |
Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic |
title_full |
Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Delayed postglacial colonization of Betula in Iceland and the circum North Atlantic |
title_sort |
delayed postglacial colonization of betula in iceland and the circum north atlantic |
publisher |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.87749 https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/87749/elife-87749-v1.pdf https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/87749/elife-87749-v1.xml https://elifesciences.org/articles/87749 |
genre |
Arctic Iceland North Atlantic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Iceland North Atlantic Tundra |
op_source |
eLife volume 12 ISSN 2050-084X |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.87749 |
container_title |
eLife |
container_volume |
12 |
_version_ |
1786820673828552704 |