External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment
Abstract Host-associated microbiomes have primarily been examined in the context of their internal microbial communities, but many animal species also contain microorganisms on external host surfaces that are important to host physiology. For nematodes, single strains of bacteria are known to adhere...
Published in: | Journal of Nematology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 https://www.sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
id |
crdegruyter:10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crdegruyter:10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 2024-09-15T17:48:52+00:00 External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 https://www.sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 en eng Walter de Gruyter GmbH http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Journal of Nematology volume 55, issue 1 ISSN 2640-396X journal-article 2023 crdegruyter https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 2024-09-02T04:07:55Z Abstract Host-associated microbiomes have primarily been examined in the context of their internal microbial communities, but many animal species also contain microorganisms on external host surfaces that are important to host physiology. For nematodes, single strains of bacteria are known to adhere to the cuticle (e.g., Pasteuria penetrans ), but the structure of a full external microbial community is uncertain. In prior research, we showed that internal gut microbiomes of nematodes ( Plectus murrayi , Eudorylaimus antarcticus ) and tardigrades from Antarctica’s McMurdo Dry Valleys were distinct from the surrounding environment and primarily driven by host identity. Building on this work, we extracted an additional set of individuals containing intact external microbiomes and amplified them for 16S and 18S rRNA metabarcoding. Our results showed that external bacterial microbiomes were more diverse than internal microbiomes, but less diverse than the surrounding environment. Host-specific bacterial compositional patterns were observed, and external microbiomes were most similar to their respective internal microbiomes. However, external microbiomes were more influenced by the environment than the internal microbiomes were. Non-host eukaryotic communities were similar in diversity to internal eukaryotic communities, but exhibited more stochastic patterns of assembly compared to bacterial communities, suggesting the lack of a structured external eukaryotic microbiome. Altogether, we provide evidence that nematode and tardigrade cuticles are inhabited by robust bacterial communities that are substantially influenced by the host, albeit less so than internal microbiomes are. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic antarcticus Eudorylaimus antarcticus McMurdo Dry Valleys Tardigrade De Gruyter Journal of Nematology 55 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
De Gruyter |
op_collection_id |
crdegruyter |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Host-associated microbiomes have primarily been examined in the context of their internal microbial communities, but many animal species also contain microorganisms on external host surfaces that are important to host physiology. For nematodes, single strains of bacteria are known to adhere to the cuticle (e.g., Pasteuria penetrans ), but the structure of a full external microbial community is uncertain. In prior research, we showed that internal gut microbiomes of nematodes ( Plectus murrayi , Eudorylaimus antarcticus ) and tardigrades from Antarctica’s McMurdo Dry Valleys were distinct from the surrounding environment and primarily driven by host identity. Building on this work, we extracted an additional set of individuals containing intact external microbiomes and amplified them for 16S and 18S rRNA metabarcoding. Our results showed that external bacterial microbiomes were more diverse than internal microbiomes, but less diverse than the surrounding environment. Host-specific bacterial compositional patterns were observed, and external microbiomes were most similar to their respective internal microbiomes. However, external microbiomes were more influenced by the environment than the internal microbiomes were. Non-host eukaryotic communities were similar in diversity to internal eukaryotic communities, but exhibited more stochastic patterns of assembly compared to bacterial communities, suggesting the lack of a structured external eukaryotic microbiome. Altogether, we provide evidence that nematode and tardigrade cuticles are inhabited by robust bacterial communities that are substantially influenced by the host, albeit less so than internal microbiomes are. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. |
spellingShingle |
Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
author_facet |
Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. |
author_sort |
Parr McQueen, J. |
title |
External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
title_short |
External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
title_full |
External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
title_fullStr |
External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
External and internal microbiomes of Antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
title_sort |
external and internal microbiomes of antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
publisher |
Walter de Gruyter GmbH |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 https://www.sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic antarcticus Eudorylaimus antarcticus McMurdo Dry Valleys Tardigrade |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic antarcticus Eudorylaimus antarcticus McMurdo Dry Valleys Tardigrade |
op_source |
Journal of Nematology volume 55, issue 1 ISSN 2640-396X |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
container_title |
Journal of Nematology |
container_volume |
55 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1810290441685303296 |