Information structuring of dialogic pairs from a cross-linguistic perspective

• Published in: STUF - Language Typology and Universals
• Main Authors: Fernandez-Vest, M.M.Jocelyne, Amon, Marri, Gadelii, Karl-Erland, Junnan Pan, Victor, Achariyayos, Jirasak, Do-Hurinville, Danh-Thàn
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Walter de Gruyter GmbH 2017
• Subjects: sami
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2017-0020; http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/stuf.2017.70.issue-3/stuf-2017-0020/stuf-2017-0020.xml; https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/stuf-2017-0020/xml; https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/stuf-2017-0020/pdf

Abstract Starting from a critical evaluation of the Question-Answer (Q-A) test that has been used by many theoreticians for establishing the linguistic category of Rheme/Focus, this collective chapter, a by-product of our larger CNRS-project about Information Structuring and Typology (ISTY) introduces a methodology based on a Minimal Communicative Utterance (MCU – often an Answer) and its extensions – Binary Strategy 1 (Theme-Rheme) and Binary Strategy 2 (Rheme-Mneme) as dialogic information structuring (IS) constructions. Section 2 reviews the presentation of Polar and Referent Qs and their Answers in the grammars of several European languages – Finno-Ugric (Estonian, Finnish, Sami) and Indo-European (French, Swedish) – and emphasizes the necessity to take into account discourse typology. Section 3 investigates the formal and semantic correlations of Q-A pairs taken from authentic corpora in various dialogue situations (orally transmitted Northern Sami and its recent written variants, Estonian conversations, French political debates). Section 4 is dedicated to a survey of Qs and As in three Southeast-Asian languages (Mandarin Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese), and a comparison of discourse particles as IS devices in the two groups of languages. The general conclusion suggests new approaches to some unsolved research questions (prosody, “theme-prominence”, interaction of syntax and IS structures).