Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions
Abstract Traditional kelp farming methods require a high amount of labor and are limited in geographic distribution – occurring mainly in nearshore, sheltered sites. To address growing global demand for sustainable biomass, the continued expansion of kelp cultivation will most likely have to move fu...
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crdegruyter:10.1515/bot-2019-0005 2024-10-13T14:07:04+00:00 Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions Bak, Urd Grandorf Gregersen, Ólavur Infante, Javier Nordic Innovation HORIZON 2020 BBI 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2019-0005 https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/botm/63/4/article-p341.xml https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/bot-2019-0005/xml https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/bot-2019-0005/pdf en eng Walter de Gruyter GmbH Botanica Marina volume 63, issue 4, page 341-353 ISSN 1437-4323 0006-8055 journal-article 2020 crdegruyter https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2019-0005 2024-09-23T04:09:56Z Abstract Traditional kelp farming methods require a high amount of labor and are limited in geographic distribution – occurring mainly in nearshore, sheltered sites. To address growing global demand for sustainable biomass, the continued expansion of kelp cultivation will most likely have to move further offshore. Although many offshore cultivation trials have been done over the last 50 years, few were sufficiently robust to be viable in exposed and deep-water areas. In the North Atlantic Ocean, a Faroese company developed and tested a structural farm design that has survived in open-ocean conditions since 2010. The durable structure has withstood harsh weather events common in the Faroe Islands and thereby presents a potential strategy and method for moving kelp farming further offshore. This paper describes the primary challenges of offshore kelp farming and provides an overview of work previously done. Ultimately, the improved productivity, system survivability and scalability the MacroAlgal Cultivation Rig (Faroe Islands) and the BioArchitecture Lab cultivation grid (Chile) represent state-of-the-art and powerfully transformative strategies to pursue large-scale offshore farming to support mass production of kelp in the near future. Article in Journal/Newspaper Faroe Islands North Atlantic De Gruyter Faroe Islands Botanica Marina 63 4 341 353 |
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English |
description |
Abstract Traditional kelp farming methods require a high amount of labor and are limited in geographic distribution – occurring mainly in nearshore, sheltered sites. To address growing global demand for sustainable biomass, the continued expansion of kelp cultivation will most likely have to move further offshore. Although many offshore cultivation trials have been done over the last 50 years, few were sufficiently robust to be viable in exposed and deep-water areas. In the North Atlantic Ocean, a Faroese company developed and tested a structural farm design that has survived in open-ocean conditions since 2010. The durable structure has withstood harsh weather events common in the Faroe Islands and thereby presents a potential strategy and method for moving kelp farming further offshore. This paper describes the primary challenges of offshore kelp farming and provides an overview of work previously done. Ultimately, the improved productivity, system survivability and scalability the MacroAlgal Cultivation Rig (Faroe Islands) and the BioArchitecture Lab cultivation grid (Chile) represent state-of-the-art and powerfully transformative strategies to pursue large-scale offshore farming to support mass production of kelp in the near future. |
author2 |
Nordic Innovation HORIZON 2020 BBI |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bak, Urd Grandorf Gregersen, Ólavur Infante, Javier |
spellingShingle |
Bak, Urd Grandorf Gregersen, Ólavur Infante, Javier Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
author_facet |
Bak, Urd Grandorf Gregersen, Ólavur Infante, Javier |
author_sort |
Bak, Urd Grandorf |
title |
Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
title_short |
Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
title_full |
Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
title_fullStr |
Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
title_sort |
technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions |
publisher |
Walter de Gruyter GmbH |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2019-0005 https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/botm/63/4/article-p341.xml https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/bot-2019-0005/xml https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/bot-2019-0005/pdf |
geographic |
Faroe Islands |
geographic_facet |
Faroe Islands |
genre |
Faroe Islands North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Faroe Islands North Atlantic |
op_source |
Botanica Marina volume 63, issue 4, page 341-353 ISSN 1437-4323 0006-8055 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2019-0005 |
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Botanica Marina |
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63 |
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4 |
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341 |
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353 |
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