Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests
The alternative-prey hypothesis predicts that predation on goose eggs will be most severe the year following a lemming peak. We tested this by investigating how predators of goose eggs responded to lemming abundance on the Kent Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada, where nest success of white-fronted geese (A...
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2001
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/z01-009 2024-05-12T07:52:39+00:00 Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests Wilson, Deborah J Bromley, Robert G 2001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-009 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/z01-009 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Zoology volume 79, issue 3, page 525-532 ISSN 0008-4301 1480-3283 Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2001 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/z01-009 2024-04-18T06:54:50Z The alternative-prey hypothesis predicts that predation on goose eggs will be most severe the year following a lemming peak. We tested this by investigating how predators of goose eggs responded to lemming abundance on the Kent Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada, where nest success of white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis hutchinsii) fluctuates widely. The main predators of both goose eggs and lemmings are arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus), and parasitic jaegers (Stercorarius parasiticus). Foxes responded functionally to lemming density: in prime goose-nesting areas they spent less time foraging during the peak lemming year than during the increase, and were seen foraging in prime nesting areas less often during the peak than during the decline. However, numbers of fox sightings in the study area during the nesting period did not differ significantly among years. The total response (functional × numerical) of gulls was lowest at the lemming peak and highest during the increase. The total response of parasitic jaegers did not vary significantly among years. Hence, we predicted that the number of nests lost to all predators combined should be lowest at the peak and possibly highest during the increase. During the 3 years of this study, loss of Canada goose nests was lowest at the peak but highest during the decline, and annual losses of white-fronted goose nests varied little. In cycles prior to this study, nest loss was high in declines but not particularly low during peaks. Several factors may alter the functional and numerical responses of predators, obscuring the simple pattern of nest loss predicted by the alternative-prey hypothesis. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alopex lagopus Arctic Branta canadensis Canada Goose Larus hyperboreus Nunavut Stercorarius parasiticus Canadian Science Publishing Arctic Canada Kent Peninsula ENVELOPE(-107.002,-107.002,68.501,68.501) Nunavut Canadian Journal of Zoology 79 3 525 532 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Canadian Science Publishing |
op_collection_id |
crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
topic |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
spellingShingle |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Wilson, Deborah J Bromley, Robert G Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
topic_facet |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
The alternative-prey hypothesis predicts that predation on goose eggs will be most severe the year following a lemming peak. We tested this by investigating how predators of goose eggs responded to lemming abundance on the Kent Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada, where nest success of white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis hutchinsii) fluctuates widely. The main predators of both goose eggs and lemmings are arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus), and parasitic jaegers (Stercorarius parasiticus). Foxes responded functionally to lemming density: in prime goose-nesting areas they spent less time foraging during the peak lemming year than during the increase, and were seen foraging in prime nesting areas less often during the peak than during the decline. However, numbers of fox sightings in the study area during the nesting period did not differ significantly among years. The total response (functional × numerical) of gulls was lowest at the lemming peak and highest during the increase. The total response of parasitic jaegers did not vary significantly among years. Hence, we predicted that the number of nests lost to all predators combined should be lowest at the peak and possibly highest during the increase. During the 3 years of this study, loss of Canada goose nests was lowest at the peak but highest during the decline, and annual losses of white-fronted goose nests varied little. In cycles prior to this study, nest loss was high in declines but not particularly low during peaks. Several factors may alter the functional and numerical responses of predators, obscuring the simple pattern of nest loss predicted by the alternative-prey hypothesis. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wilson, Deborah J Bromley, Robert G |
author_facet |
Wilson, Deborah J Bromley, Robert G |
author_sort |
Wilson, Deborah J |
title |
Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
title_short |
Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
title_full |
Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
title_fullStr |
Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
title_full_unstemmed |
Functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
title_sort |
functional and numerical responses of predators to cyclic lemming abundance: effects on loss of goose nests |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2001 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-009 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/z01-009 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-107.002,-107.002,68.501,68.501) |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Kent Peninsula Nunavut |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Kent Peninsula Nunavut |
genre |
Alopex lagopus Arctic Branta canadensis Canada Goose Larus hyperboreus Nunavut Stercorarius parasiticus |
genre_facet |
Alopex lagopus Arctic Branta canadensis Canada Goose Larus hyperboreus Nunavut Stercorarius parasiticus |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Zoology volume 79, issue 3, page 525-532 ISSN 0008-4301 1480-3283 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/z01-009 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Zoology |
container_volume |
79 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
525 |
op_container_end_page |
532 |
_version_ |
1798836955373371392 |