Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska
To determine acute toxicity to juvenile (1) pink, chum, coho, and sockeye salmon, (2) Dolly Varden char, and (3) rainbow trout, 2,4-D acid, butyl and isooctyl esters were tested in southeast Alaska. A comparable test was made in Oregon using coho salmon fingerlings. The mean percent mortality after...
Published in: | Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada |
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Canadian Science Publishing
1974
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/f74-083 2023-12-17T10:48:48+01:00 Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska Meehan, William R. Norris, Logan A. Sears, Howard S. 1974 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f74-083 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/f74-083 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada volume 31, issue 4, page 480-485 ISSN 0015-296X General Medicine journal-article 1974 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/f74-083 2023-11-19T13:38:07Z To determine acute toxicity to juvenile (1) pink, chum, coho, and sockeye salmon, (2) Dolly Varden char, and (3) rainbow trout, 2,4-D acid, butyl and isooctyl esters were tested in southeast Alaska. A comparable test was made in Oregon using coho salmon fingerlings. The mean percent mortality after 96 h and the highest concentration of herbicide that did not produce any mortality were determined for each formulation tested.At less than 50 ppm 2,4-D acid produced no mortality except in pink salmon fry. The butyl ester was most toxic causing nearly complete mortality in all species at concentrations > 1.0 ppm and the isooctyl ester least toxic of the ester formulations. Alaskan and Oregon coho fingerlings were similar in their responses to 2,4-D acid, butyl and isooctyl esters. The toxicities of three different formulations of isooctyl ester, a PGBE ester, and butyl ester to Alaskan coho fingerlings were also determined. There were few or no differences in toxicity among isooctyl ester formulations. The butyl and PGBE esters were similar in toxicity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Pink salmon Alaska Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) Sockeye ENVELOPE(-130.143,-130.143,54.160,54.160) Varden ENVELOPE(7.656,7.656,62.534,62.534) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 31 4 480 485 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
topic |
General Medicine |
spellingShingle |
General Medicine Meehan, William R. Norris, Logan A. Sears, Howard S. Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska |
topic_facet |
General Medicine |
description |
To determine acute toxicity to juvenile (1) pink, chum, coho, and sockeye salmon, (2) Dolly Varden char, and (3) rainbow trout, 2,4-D acid, butyl and isooctyl esters were tested in southeast Alaska. A comparable test was made in Oregon using coho salmon fingerlings. The mean percent mortality after 96 h and the highest concentration of herbicide that did not produce any mortality were determined for each formulation tested.At less than 50 ppm 2,4-D acid produced no mortality except in pink salmon fry. The butyl ester was most toxic causing nearly complete mortality in all species at concentrations > 1.0 ppm and the isooctyl ester least toxic of the ester formulations. Alaskan and Oregon coho fingerlings were similar in their responses to 2,4-D acid, butyl and isooctyl esters. The toxicities of three different formulations of isooctyl ester, a PGBE ester, and butyl ester to Alaskan coho fingerlings were also determined. There were few or no differences in toxicity among isooctyl ester formulations. The butyl and PGBE esters were similar in toxicity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Meehan, William R. Norris, Logan A. Sears, Howard S. |
author_facet |
Meehan, William R. Norris, Logan A. Sears, Howard S. |
author_sort |
Meehan, William R. |
title |
Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska |
title_short |
Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska |
title_full |
Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Toxicity of Various Formulations of 2,4-D to Salmonids in Southeast Alaska |
title_sort |
toxicity of various formulations of 2,4-d to salmonids in southeast alaska |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
1974 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f74-083 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/f74-083 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-130.143,-130.143,54.160,54.160) ENVELOPE(7.656,7.656,62.534,62.534) |
geographic |
Sockeye Varden |
geographic_facet |
Sockeye Varden |
genre |
Pink salmon Alaska |
genre_facet |
Pink salmon Alaska |
op_source |
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada volume 31, issue 4, page 480-485 ISSN 0015-296X |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/f74-083 |
container_title |
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
480 |
op_container_end_page |
485 |
_version_ |
1785573051887255552 |