Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill
Environmental seasonality is a critical factor in structuring polar marine ecosystems. The extensive data now available on the lipids of Arctic and Antarctic euphausiids show that all species are characterised by a seasonally high lipid content, and neutral lipids, whether wax esters or triacylglyce...
Published in: | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/f00-194 2024-06-23T07:47:19+00:00 Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill Falk-Petersen, Stig Hagen, Wilhelm Kattner, Gerhard Clarke, Andrew Sargent, John 2000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-194 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/f00-194 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences volume 57, issue S3, page 178-191 ISSN 0706-652X 1205-7533 journal-article 2000 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/f00-194 2024-06-06T04:11:19Z Environmental seasonality is a critical factor in structuring polar marine ecosystems. The extensive data now available on the lipids of Arctic and Antarctic euphausiids show that all species are characterised by a seasonally high lipid content, and neutral lipids, whether wax esters or triacylglycerols, are primarily accumulated for reproduction. The Arctic Thysanoessa inermis and the Antarctic Euphausia crystallorophias contain high levels of wax esters and higher concentrations of 18:4(n-3) and 20:5(n-3) and a lower ratio of 18:1(n-9)/(n-7) fatty acids in their neutral lipids than the Arctic Thysanoessa raschii and the Antarctic Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia superba. Large amounts of phytol in the lipids of T. raschii and E. crystallorophias during winter suggest the ingestion of decaying algae originating in sedimenting material or in sea ice. Thysanoessa raschii, T. macrura, and E. superba have a high ratio of 18:1(n-9)/ (n-7) fatty acids, indicating animal carnivory. We conclude that T. inermis and E. crystallorophias are true high polar herbivores, while T. raschii, T. macrura, and E. superba are omnivores with a more boreal distribution. The Arctic species Thysanoessa longicaudata and Meganyctiphanes norvegica are carnivores feeding on Calanus, as indicated by high amounts of 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11) fatty acids. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic Euphausia superba Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sea ice Thysanoessa macrura Thysanoessa raschii Thysanoessa inermis Canadian Science Publishing Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57 S3 178 191 |
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Open Polar |
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Canadian Science Publishing |
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crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
description |
Environmental seasonality is a critical factor in structuring polar marine ecosystems. The extensive data now available on the lipids of Arctic and Antarctic euphausiids show that all species are characterised by a seasonally high lipid content, and neutral lipids, whether wax esters or triacylglycerols, are primarily accumulated for reproduction. The Arctic Thysanoessa inermis and the Antarctic Euphausia crystallorophias contain high levels of wax esters and higher concentrations of 18:4(n-3) and 20:5(n-3) and a lower ratio of 18:1(n-9)/(n-7) fatty acids in their neutral lipids than the Arctic Thysanoessa raschii and the Antarctic Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia superba. Large amounts of phytol in the lipids of T. raschii and E. crystallorophias during winter suggest the ingestion of decaying algae originating in sedimenting material or in sea ice. Thysanoessa raschii, T. macrura, and E. superba have a high ratio of 18:1(n-9)/ (n-7) fatty acids, indicating animal carnivory. We conclude that T. inermis and E. crystallorophias are true high polar herbivores, while T. raschii, T. macrura, and E. superba are omnivores with a more boreal distribution. The Arctic species Thysanoessa longicaudata and Meganyctiphanes norvegica are carnivores feeding on Calanus, as indicated by high amounts of 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11) fatty acids. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Falk-Petersen, Stig Hagen, Wilhelm Kattner, Gerhard Clarke, Andrew Sargent, John |
spellingShingle |
Falk-Petersen, Stig Hagen, Wilhelm Kattner, Gerhard Clarke, Andrew Sargent, John Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill |
author_facet |
Falk-Petersen, Stig Hagen, Wilhelm Kattner, Gerhard Clarke, Andrew Sargent, John |
author_sort |
Falk-Petersen, Stig |
title |
Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill |
title_short |
Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill |
title_full |
Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill |
title_fullStr |
Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill |
title_sort |
lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in arctic and antarctic krill |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-194 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/f00-194 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic Euphausia superba Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sea ice Thysanoessa macrura Thysanoessa raschii Thysanoessa inermis |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic Euphausia superba Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sea ice Thysanoessa macrura Thysanoessa raschii Thysanoessa inermis |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences volume 57, issue S3, page 178-191 ISSN 0706-652X 1205-7533 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/f00-194 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
container_volume |
57 |
container_issue |
S3 |
container_start_page |
178 |
op_container_end_page |
191 |
_version_ |
1802651408666722304 |