Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic
This paper documents perennial spring activity at Expedition Fiord on western Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian High Arctic. Two groups of mineralized springs occur near the McGill University Axel Heiberg Research Station located at 79°26'N, 90°46'W. The first is at Gypsum Hill, 3 km fro...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e98-097 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e98-097 |
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/e98-097 2024-03-03T08:41:45+00:00 Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic Pollard, Wayne Omelon, Chris Andersen, Dale McKay, Chris 1999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e98-097 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e98-097 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences volume 36, issue 1, page 105-120 ISSN 0008-4077 1480-3313 General Earth and Planetary Sciences journal-article 1999 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/e98-097 2024-02-07T10:53:34Z This paper documents perennial spring activity at Expedition Fiord on western Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian High Arctic. Two groups of mineralized springs occur near the McGill University Axel Heiberg Research Station located at 79°26'N, 90°46'W. The first is at Gypsum Hill, 3 km from the terminus of the White and Thompson glaciers, and the second site is at Colour Peak, approximately 10 km downvalley near the head of Expedition Fiord. Each spring group consists of 20-40 vents spread over several hundred square metres. The highly mineralized nature of the discharge causes a freezing-point depression of 7-10°C and produces a range of precipitates and travertine deposits. Year-round water temperature and discharge rate measurements have been obtained, demonstrating perennial activity at these sites. Results indicate that temperatures range from -4.0 to 6.6°C among the individual sources; however, water temperatures at the various outlets remain constant throughout the year despite a mean annual air temperature of -15°C. Although discharge from any one outlet is low (<0.5 to 2.0 L/s), the total discharge is substantial, each year producing several seasonal frost mounds and an icing 180 000 - 300 000 m 2 at the Gypsum Hill site. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Axel Heiberg Island Canadian Science Publishing Arctic Heiberg ENVELOPE(13.964,13.964,66.424,66.424) Axel Heiberg Island ENVELOPE(-91.001,-91.001,79.752,79.752) Colour Peak ENVELOPE(-91.284,-91.284,79.469,79.469) Expedition Fiord ENVELOPE(-92.001,-92.001,79.335,79.335) Gypsum Hill ENVELOPE(-90.751,-90.751,79.402,79.402) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 36 1 105 120 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Canadian Science Publishing |
op_collection_id |
crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
topic |
General Earth and Planetary Sciences |
spellingShingle |
General Earth and Planetary Sciences Pollard, Wayne Omelon, Chris Andersen, Dale McKay, Chris Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |
topic_facet |
General Earth and Planetary Sciences |
description |
This paper documents perennial spring activity at Expedition Fiord on western Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian High Arctic. Two groups of mineralized springs occur near the McGill University Axel Heiberg Research Station located at 79°26'N, 90°46'W. The first is at Gypsum Hill, 3 km from the terminus of the White and Thompson glaciers, and the second site is at Colour Peak, approximately 10 km downvalley near the head of Expedition Fiord. Each spring group consists of 20-40 vents spread over several hundred square metres. The highly mineralized nature of the discharge causes a freezing-point depression of 7-10°C and produces a range of precipitates and travertine deposits. Year-round water temperature and discharge rate measurements have been obtained, demonstrating perennial activity at these sites. Results indicate that temperatures range from -4.0 to 6.6°C among the individual sources; however, water temperatures at the various outlets remain constant throughout the year despite a mean annual air temperature of -15°C. Although discharge from any one outlet is low (<0.5 to 2.0 L/s), the total discharge is substantial, each year producing several seasonal frost mounds and an icing 180 000 - 300 000 m 2 at the Gypsum Hill site. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pollard, Wayne Omelon, Chris Andersen, Dale McKay, Chris |
author_facet |
Pollard, Wayne Omelon, Chris Andersen, Dale McKay, Chris |
author_sort |
Pollard, Wayne |
title |
Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |
title_short |
Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |
title_full |
Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Perennial spring occurrence in the Expedition Fiord area of western Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |
title_sort |
perennial spring occurrence in the expedition fiord area of western axel heiberg island, canadian high arctic |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
1999 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e98-097 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e98-097 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(13.964,13.964,66.424,66.424) ENVELOPE(-91.001,-91.001,79.752,79.752) ENVELOPE(-91.284,-91.284,79.469,79.469) ENVELOPE(-92.001,-92.001,79.335,79.335) ENVELOPE(-90.751,-90.751,79.402,79.402) |
geographic |
Arctic Heiberg Axel Heiberg Island Colour Peak Expedition Fiord Gypsum Hill |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Heiberg Axel Heiberg Island Colour Peak Expedition Fiord Gypsum Hill |
genre |
Arctic Axel Heiberg Island |
genre_facet |
Arctic Axel Heiberg Island |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences volume 36, issue 1, page 105-120 ISSN 0008-4077 1480-3313 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/e98-097 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |
container_volume |
36 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
105 |
op_container_end_page |
120 |
_version_ |
1792497360950001664 |