Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada
The vegetation and climate of the Holocene of Prince Edward Island are reconstructed from pollen analysis of four Sphagnum peat bogs, Portage and East Bideford Bogs in the west and Mermaid and East Baltic Bogs in the east. The discussion is based largely on percentage data supported by pollen influx...
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1980
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/e80-122 2024-06-23T07:57:16+00:00 Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada Anderson, T. W. 1980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e80-122 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e80-122 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences volume 17, issue 9, page 1152-1165 ISSN 0008-4077 1480-3313 journal-article 1980 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/e80-122 2024-06-13T04:10:49Z The vegetation and climate of the Holocene of Prince Edward Island are reconstructed from pollen analysis of four Sphagnum peat bogs, Portage and East Bideford Bogs in the west and Mermaid and East Baltic Bogs in the east. The discussion is based largely on percentage data supported by pollen influx estimates.The earliest recognizable vegetation was tundra-like with nonarboreal birch, willow, Artemisia, and upland grasses and sedges. The vegetation changed remarkably within a short period, from tundra at 10 000 years BP, to forest–tundra (spruce – nonarboreal birch association) between 10 000 and 8000 years ago, to pine at or shortly after 8000 years ago. Hemlock arrived 7000 years ago and dominated along with white pine from about 6500–4500 years BP. Beech came in about 3400 years ago and formed part of a hemlock–beech–birch association up until modern times. Sharp increases in weeds and grasses and declines in hemlock, birch, and beech denote European settlement approximately 100–150 years ago.A gradual warming tend is inferred for the period prior to about 8000 years BP, but rapid climatic improvement took place shortly after 8000 years ago corresponding with the pollen transition from spruce to pine. Maximum temperatures (close to 8.5 °C) were reached approximately 4000 years ago when the mean annual temperature may have been almost 2.5 °C warmer than present. Deterioration of the climate occurred at approximately 3000 and 1500 years ago, coinciding with increases in spruce, Ericaceae, and Sphagnum, and a decrease in pine. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tundra Prince Edward Island Canadian Science Publishing Canada Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 17 9 1152 1165 |
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Canadian Science Publishing |
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crcansciencepubl |
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English |
description |
The vegetation and climate of the Holocene of Prince Edward Island are reconstructed from pollen analysis of four Sphagnum peat bogs, Portage and East Bideford Bogs in the west and Mermaid and East Baltic Bogs in the east. The discussion is based largely on percentage data supported by pollen influx estimates.The earliest recognizable vegetation was tundra-like with nonarboreal birch, willow, Artemisia, and upland grasses and sedges. The vegetation changed remarkably within a short period, from tundra at 10 000 years BP, to forest–tundra (spruce – nonarboreal birch association) between 10 000 and 8000 years ago, to pine at or shortly after 8000 years ago. Hemlock arrived 7000 years ago and dominated along with white pine from about 6500–4500 years BP. Beech came in about 3400 years ago and formed part of a hemlock–beech–birch association up until modern times. Sharp increases in weeds and grasses and declines in hemlock, birch, and beech denote European settlement approximately 100–150 years ago.A gradual warming tend is inferred for the period prior to about 8000 years BP, but rapid climatic improvement took place shortly after 8000 years ago corresponding with the pollen transition from spruce to pine. Maximum temperatures (close to 8.5 °C) were reached approximately 4000 years ago when the mean annual temperature may have been almost 2.5 °C warmer than present. Deterioration of the climate occurred at approximately 3000 and 1500 years ago, coinciding with increases in spruce, Ericaceae, and Sphagnum, and a decrease in pine. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Anderson, T. W. |
spellingShingle |
Anderson, T. W. Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada |
author_facet |
Anderson, T. W. |
author_sort |
Anderson, T. W. |
title |
Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada |
title_short |
Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada |
title_full |
Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Holocene vegetation and climatic history of Prince Edward Island, Canada |
title_sort |
holocene vegetation and climatic history of prince edward island, canada |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
1980 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e80-122 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e80-122 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Tundra Prince Edward Island |
genre_facet |
Tundra Prince Edward Island |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences volume 17, issue 9, page 1152-1165 ISSN 0008-4077 1480-3313 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/e80-122 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |
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17 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1152 |
op_container_end_page |
1165 |
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1802650836787003392 |