A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results
On 13 August 1978, a lake on the western Arctic coast was artificially drained, in a multidisciplinary experiment on the growth of permafrost on the unfrozen bottom of the drained lake. A bowl-shaped talik (unfrozen basin) with a maximum depth of about 32 m underlay the lake bottom prior to drainage...
Published in: | Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |
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Canadian Science Publishing
1997
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-002 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e17-002 |
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/e17-002 2024-09-15T18:11:31+00:00 A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results Mackay, J. Ross 1997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-002 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e17-002 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences volume 34, issue 1, page 17-33 ISSN 0008-4077 1480-3313 journal-article 1997 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/e17-002 2024-07-25T04:10:03Z On 13 August 1978, a lake on the western Arctic coast was artificially drained, in a multidisciplinary experiment on the growth of permafrost on the unfrozen bottom of the drained lake. A bowl-shaped talik (unfrozen basin) with a maximum depth of about 32 m underlay the lake bottom prior to drainage. In the first winter after drainage, downward freezing started on the exposed lake bottom and upward freezing from permafrost beneath the talik. After drainage, the soft lake-bottom sediments hardened from water loss and freeze–thaw consolidation. Gradual thinning of the active layer at many sites was accompanied by ground uplift and the growth of aggradational ice. Downward and upward freezing has resulted in solute rejection, freezing-point depressions, pore-water expulsion from the freezing of the saturated lake-bottom sands, and convective heat transfer from groundwater flow in an open hydrologie system. The increasingly saline intrapermafrost groundwater, flowing at an increasingly negative temperature because of a freezing-point depression, has accelerated the rate of permafrost growth in the interpermafrost zone in the direction of flow. The experiment has demonstrated that the growth of permafrost at the drained lake site, and at other sites with groundwater flow, requires a three-dimensional conductive–convective heat transfer approach. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice permafrost Talik Canadian Science Publishing Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34 1 17 33 |
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Open Polar |
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Canadian Science Publishing |
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crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
description |
On 13 August 1978, a lake on the western Arctic coast was artificially drained, in a multidisciplinary experiment on the growth of permafrost on the unfrozen bottom of the drained lake. A bowl-shaped talik (unfrozen basin) with a maximum depth of about 32 m underlay the lake bottom prior to drainage. In the first winter after drainage, downward freezing started on the exposed lake bottom and upward freezing from permafrost beneath the talik. After drainage, the soft lake-bottom sediments hardened from water loss and freeze–thaw consolidation. Gradual thinning of the active layer at many sites was accompanied by ground uplift and the growth of aggradational ice. Downward and upward freezing has resulted in solute rejection, freezing-point depressions, pore-water expulsion from the freezing of the saturated lake-bottom sands, and convective heat transfer from groundwater flow in an open hydrologie system. The increasingly saline intrapermafrost groundwater, flowing at an increasingly negative temperature because of a freezing-point depression, has accelerated the rate of permafrost growth in the interpermafrost zone in the direction of flow. The experiment has demonstrated that the growth of permafrost at the drained lake site, and at other sites with groundwater flow, requires a three-dimensional conductive–convective heat transfer approach. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mackay, J. Ross |
spellingShingle |
Mackay, J. Ross A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
author_facet |
Mackay, J. Ross |
author_sort |
Mackay, J. Ross |
title |
A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
title_short |
A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
title_full |
A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
title_fullStr |
A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
title_full_unstemmed |
A full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western Arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
title_sort |
full-scale field experiment (1978–1995) on the growth of permafrost by means of lake drainage, western arctic coast: a discussion of the method and some results |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-002 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/e17-002 |
genre |
Ice permafrost Talik |
genre_facet |
Ice permafrost Talik |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences volume 34, issue 1, page 17-33 ISSN 0008-4077 1480-3313 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/e17-002 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |
container_volume |
34 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
17 |
op_container_end_page |
33 |
_version_ |
1810449116669411328 |