Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic
Understanding how mesopredators manage the risks associated with apex predators is key to explaining impacts of apex predators on mesopredator populations and patterns of mesopredator space use. Here we examine the spatial response of coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) to risk posed by wolves (Canis...
Published in: | Canadian Journal of Zoology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Canadian Science Publishing
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 |
id |
crcansciencepubl:10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crcansciencepubl:10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 2024-10-13T14:06:31+00:00 Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic Klauder, Kaija Borg, Bridget L. Prugh, Laura R. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Zoology volume 99, issue 4, page 279-288 ISSN 0008-4301 1480-3283 journal-article 2021 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 2024-09-19T04:09:48Z Understanding how mesopredators manage the risks associated with apex predators is key to explaining impacts of apex predators on mesopredator populations and patterns of mesopredator space use. Here we examine the spatial response of coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) to risk posed by wolves (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) using data from sympatric individuals fitted with GPS collars in subarctic Alaska, USA, near the northern range limit for coyotes. We show that coyotes do not universally avoid wolves, but instead demonstrate season-specific responses to both wolf proximity and long-term use of the landscape by wolves. Specifically, coyotes switched from avoiding wolves in summer to preferring areas with wolves in winter, and this selection was consistent across short-term and longer term temporal scales. In the summer, coyotes responded less strongly to risk of wolves when in open areas than when in closed vegetation. We also demonstrate that coyotes maintain extremely large territories averaging 291 km 2 , and experience low annual survival (0.50) with large carnivores being the largest source of mortality. This combination of attraction and avoidance predicated on season and landcover suggests that mesopredators use complex behavioral strategies to mediate the effects of apex predators. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus Subarctic Alaska Canadian Science Publishing Canadian Journal of Zoology 99 4 279 288 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Canadian Science Publishing |
op_collection_id |
crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
description |
Understanding how mesopredators manage the risks associated with apex predators is key to explaining impacts of apex predators on mesopredator populations and patterns of mesopredator space use. Here we examine the spatial response of coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) to risk posed by wolves (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) using data from sympatric individuals fitted with GPS collars in subarctic Alaska, USA, near the northern range limit for coyotes. We show that coyotes do not universally avoid wolves, but instead demonstrate season-specific responses to both wolf proximity and long-term use of the landscape by wolves. Specifically, coyotes switched from avoiding wolves in summer to preferring areas with wolves in winter, and this selection was consistent across short-term and longer term temporal scales. In the summer, coyotes responded less strongly to risk of wolves when in open areas than when in closed vegetation. We also demonstrate that coyotes maintain extremely large territories averaging 291 km 2 , and experience low annual survival (0.50) with large carnivores being the largest source of mortality. This combination of attraction and avoidance predicated on season and landcover suggests that mesopredators use complex behavioral strategies to mediate the effects of apex predators. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Klauder, Kaija Borg, Bridget L. Prugh, Laura R. |
spellingShingle |
Klauder, Kaija Borg, Bridget L. Prugh, Laura R. Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic |
author_facet |
Klauder, Kaija Borg, Bridget L. Prugh, Laura R. |
author_sort |
Klauder, Kaija |
title |
Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic |
title_short |
Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic |
title_full |
Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic |
title_fullStr |
Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( Canis latrans) to wolves ( Canis lupus) in the subarctic |
title_sort |
living on the edge: spatial response of coyotes ( canis latrans) to wolves ( canis lupus) in the subarctic |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 |
genre |
Canis lupus Subarctic Alaska |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus Subarctic Alaska |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Zoology volume 99, issue 4, page 279-288 ISSN 0008-4301 1480-3283 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0050 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Zoology |
container_volume |
99 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
279 |
op_container_end_page |
288 |
_version_ |
1812812711054016512 |