Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates
There is growing recognition that humans may mediate the strength and nature of the ecological effects of large predators. We took advantage of ongoing gray wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) recolonization in Washington, USA, to contrast adult survival rates and sources of mortality for mule deer (O...
Published in: | Canadian Journal of Zoology |
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2018
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 |
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 2024-09-15T18:01:07+00:00 Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates Dellinger, J.A. Shores, C.R. Marsh, M. Heithaus, M.R. Ripple, W.J. Wirsing, A.J. 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Zoology volume 96, issue 7, page 760-768 ISSN 0008-4301 1480-3283 journal-article 2018 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 2024-07-11T04:12:02Z There is growing recognition that humans may mediate the strength and nature of the ecological effects of large predators. We took advantage of ongoing gray wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) recolonization in Washington, USA, to contrast adult survival rates and sources of mortality for mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque, 1817)) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) in areas with and without wolf packs in a managed landscape dominated by multiple human uses. We tested the hypothesis that the addition of wolves to the existing predator guild would augment predator-induced mortality rates for both ungulates. Source of mortality data from adult mule deer and white-tailed deer, respectively, revealed that wolf-related mortality was low compared with that inflicted by other predators or humans. Predator-caused mortality was largely confined to winter. There was little effect of wolf presence on adult deer mortality rates, and there was no difference in mortality between the two deer species relative to wolf-free or wolf-occupied sites. Although this study occurred early in wolf recovery in Washington, our results differ from those demonstrated for gray wolves in protected areas. Thus, we encourage further investigation of effects of direct predation by recolonizing large carnivores on prey in human-dominated landscapes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus gray wolf Canadian Science Publishing Canadian Journal of Zoology 96 7 760 768 |
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Canadian Science Publishing |
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crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
description |
There is growing recognition that humans may mediate the strength and nature of the ecological effects of large predators. We took advantage of ongoing gray wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) recolonization in Washington, USA, to contrast adult survival rates and sources of mortality for mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque, 1817)) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) in areas with and without wolf packs in a managed landscape dominated by multiple human uses. We tested the hypothesis that the addition of wolves to the existing predator guild would augment predator-induced mortality rates for both ungulates. Source of mortality data from adult mule deer and white-tailed deer, respectively, revealed that wolf-related mortality was low compared with that inflicted by other predators or humans. Predator-caused mortality was largely confined to winter. There was little effect of wolf presence on adult deer mortality rates, and there was no difference in mortality between the two deer species relative to wolf-free or wolf-occupied sites. Although this study occurred early in wolf recovery in Washington, our results differ from those demonstrated for gray wolves in protected areas. Thus, we encourage further investigation of effects of direct predation by recolonizing large carnivores on prey in human-dominated landscapes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dellinger, J.A. Shores, C.R. Marsh, M. Heithaus, M.R. Ripple, W.J. Wirsing, A.J. |
spellingShingle |
Dellinger, J.A. Shores, C.R. Marsh, M. Heithaus, M.R. Ripple, W.J. Wirsing, A.J. Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
author_facet |
Dellinger, J.A. Shores, C.R. Marsh, M. Heithaus, M.R. Ripple, W.J. Wirsing, A.J. |
author_sort |
Dellinger, J.A. |
title |
Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
title_short |
Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
title_full |
Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( Canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
title_sort |
impacts of recolonizing gray wolves ( canis lupus) on survival and mortality in two sympatric ungulates |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 |
genre |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Zoology volume 96, issue 7, page 760-768 ISSN 0008-4301 1480-3283 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0282 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Zoology |
container_volume |
96 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
760 |
op_container_end_page |
768 |
_version_ |
1810438307436298240 |