High-tide flight by wintering Dunlins ( Calidris alpina ): a weather-dependent trade-off between energy loss and predation risk

• Published in: Canadian Journal of Zoology
• Main Author: Dekker, Dick
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Canadian Science Publishing 2013
• Subjects: Animal Science and Zoology; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Canada; British Columbia; Boundary Bay; Calidris alpina; Falco peregrinus
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2012-0213; http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjz-2012-0213; http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjz-2012-0213

Migratory shorebirds wintering or staging on ocean coasts collect at high tide on roosting sites that remain above the flood line. However, some species of Calidris sandpipers spend the high-tide interval in flight over the ocean. In the winters of 2006–2012, the characteristics of high-tide flight...