Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina
A lichen is an association between a biotrophic fungal partner and a green algal and (or) cyanobacterial partner, which may be considered a “controlled” parasitic interaction. While controlled parasitism implies benefit to both interacting partners, a parasitism that is not controlled implies that o...
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 2023-12-17T10:28:53+01:00 Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina Athukorala, Sarangi N.P. Huebner, Erwin Piercey-Normore, Michele D. 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Journal of Microbiology volume 60, issue 1, page 41-52 ISSN 0008-4166 1480-3275 Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology General Medicine Immunology Microbiology journal-article 2014 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 2023-11-19T13:38:43Z A lichen is an association between a biotrophic fungal partner and a green algal and (or) cyanobacterial partner, which may be considered a “controlled” parasitic interaction. While controlled parasitism implies benefit to both interacting partners, a parasitism that is not controlled implies that one partner benefits to the detriment of the other partner. The objective of this study was to compare morphological development of the interaction between Cladonia rangiferina with its compatible algal partner (Asterochloris glomerata/irregularis) and incompatible algae (Coccomyxa peltigerae and Chloroidium ellipsoideum) at 3 early resynthesis stages. The fungus was co-inoculated with each alga separately and the stages of development were compared using quantitative measures. The first 3 stages of development of the lichen thallus were identified in the compatible interaction as the “pre-contact” stage (1 day post co-inoculation (PCI)), “contact” stage (8 days PCI), and “growth together” stage (21 days PCI). Compatible interactions showed significantly shorter internode length, significantly more new lateral hyphal branches, significantly greater appressorial frequency, and no reduction in cell diameter of the algal cells, compared with incompatible interactions. At 21 days PCI, a parasitic interaction was observed between Cladonia rangiferina and Chloroidium ellipsoideum. These findings support the importance of recognition between compatible partners for successful lichenization. This study also revealed a strategy that may explain the success of this species in northern habitats. Identification of the resynthesis stages of Cladonia rangiferina is required before expression of the proteins involved in recognition and defense can be understood. Article in Journal/Newspaper Cladonia rangiferina Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) Canadian Journal of Microbiology 60 1 41 52 |
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Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) |
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crcansciencepubl |
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English |
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Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology General Medicine Immunology Microbiology |
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Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology General Medicine Immunology Microbiology Athukorala, Sarangi N.P. Huebner, Erwin Piercey-Normore, Michele D. Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina |
topic_facet |
Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology General Medicine Immunology Microbiology |
description |
A lichen is an association between a biotrophic fungal partner and a green algal and (or) cyanobacterial partner, which may be considered a “controlled” parasitic interaction. While controlled parasitism implies benefit to both interacting partners, a parasitism that is not controlled implies that one partner benefits to the detriment of the other partner. The objective of this study was to compare morphological development of the interaction between Cladonia rangiferina with its compatible algal partner (Asterochloris glomerata/irregularis) and incompatible algae (Coccomyxa peltigerae and Chloroidium ellipsoideum) at 3 early resynthesis stages. The fungus was co-inoculated with each alga separately and the stages of development were compared using quantitative measures. The first 3 stages of development of the lichen thallus were identified in the compatible interaction as the “pre-contact” stage (1 day post co-inoculation (PCI)), “contact” stage (8 days PCI), and “growth together” stage (21 days PCI). Compatible interactions showed significantly shorter internode length, significantly more new lateral hyphal branches, significantly greater appressorial frequency, and no reduction in cell diameter of the algal cells, compared with incompatible interactions. At 21 days PCI, a parasitic interaction was observed between Cladonia rangiferina and Chloroidium ellipsoideum. These findings support the importance of recognition between compatible partners for successful lichenization. This study also revealed a strategy that may explain the success of this species in northern habitats. Identification of the resynthesis stages of Cladonia rangiferina is required before expression of the proteins involved in recognition and defense can be understood. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Athukorala, Sarangi N.P. Huebner, Erwin Piercey-Normore, Michele D. |
author_facet |
Athukorala, Sarangi N.P. Huebner, Erwin Piercey-Normore, Michele D. |
author_sort |
Athukorala, Sarangi N.P. |
title |
Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina |
title_short |
Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina |
title_full |
Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina |
title_fullStr |
Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen Cladonia rangiferina |
title_sort |
identification and comparison of the 3 early stages of resynthesis for the lichen cladonia rangiferina |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 |
genre |
Cladonia rangiferina |
genre_facet |
Cladonia rangiferina |
op_source |
Canadian Journal of Microbiology volume 60, issue 1, page 41-52 ISSN 0008-4166 1480-3275 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0313 |
container_title |
Canadian Journal of Microbiology |
container_volume |
60 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
41 |
op_container_end_page |
52 |
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1785581112801624064 |