Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis
Lichens are composed of symbiotic slow-growing organisms and are often exposed to extreme microenvironmental conditions, resulting in the production of unique secondary metabolites. One of the most commonly produced secondary metabolites is usnic acid, which is thought to be produced by two genes. T...
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2021
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 2023-12-17T10:44:58+01:00 Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis Gunawardana, W.G. Duleeka I. Sveshnikova, Natalia Arsenault, André Piercey-Normore, Michele D. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Botany volume 99, issue 11, page 735-745 ISSN 1916-2790 1916-2804 Plant Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2021 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 2023-11-19T13:39:25Z Lichens are composed of symbiotic slow-growing organisms and are often exposed to extreme microenvironmental conditions, resulting in the production of unique secondary metabolites. One of the most commonly produced secondary metabolites is usnic acid, which is thought to be produced by two genes. The objectives of the present study were to compare polyketide synthase (PKS) gene expression and usnic acid concentration in Cladonia uncialis (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., with two environmental factors. Seventy-five lichen samples were collected from three locations in Newfoundland, Canada, using a strip transect method (×5 transects, ×5 quadrats). Usnic acid concentration was measured using the liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometric method and gene expression of two PKS genes (methylphloracetophenone oxidase (MPAO) and methylphloracetophenone synthase (MPAS)) was examined using quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that percent ground cover of C. uncialis was affected by soil pH level but not soil moisture, and usnic acid concentration was not affected by either soil pH or soil moisture. MPAO gene expression level was significantly affected by soil pH level but not soil moisture, and MPAS gene expression level was not affected by either soil pH level or soil moisture. There was no significant relationship between MPAS and MPAO gene expression levels and usnic acid concentration. These findings suggest that soil pH may be important for the production of usnic acid by C. uncialis but the genes involved require further study. Article in Journal/Newspaper Newfoundland Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) Canada Botany |
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Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) |
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crcansciencepubl |
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English |
topic |
Plant Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
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Plant Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Gunawardana, W.G. Duleeka I. Sveshnikova, Natalia Arsenault, André Piercey-Normore, Michele D. Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis |
topic_facet |
Plant Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Lichens are composed of symbiotic slow-growing organisms and are often exposed to extreme microenvironmental conditions, resulting in the production of unique secondary metabolites. One of the most commonly produced secondary metabolites is usnic acid, which is thought to be produced by two genes. The objectives of the present study were to compare polyketide synthase (PKS) gene expression and usnic acid concentration in Cladonia uncialis (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., with two environmental factors. Seventy-five lichen samples were collected from three locations in Newfoundland, Canada, using a strip transect method (×5 transects, ×5 quadrats). Usnic acid concentration was measured using the liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometric method and gene expression of two PKS genes (methylphloracetophenone oxidase (MPAO) and methylphloracetophenone synthase (MPAS)) was examined using quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that percent ground cover of C. uncialis was affected by soil pH level but not soil moisture, and usnic acid concentration was not affected by either soil pH or soil moisture. MPAO gene expression level was significantly affected by soil pH level but not soil moisture, and MPAS gene expression level was not affected by either soil pH level or soil moisture. There was no significant relationship between MPAS and MPAO gene expression levels and usnic acid concentration. These findings suggest that soil pH may be important for the production of usnic acid by C. uncialis but the genes involved require further study. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gunawardana, W.G. Duleeka I. Sveshnikova, Natalia Arsenault, André Piercey-Normore, Michele D. |
author_facet |
Gunawardana, W.G. Duleeka I. Sveshnikova, Natalia Arsenault, André Piercey-Normore, Michele D. |
author_sort |
Gunawardana, W.G. Duleeka I. |
title |
Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis |
title_short |
Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis |
title_full |
Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis |
title_fullStr |
Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, Cladonia uncialis |
title_sort |
effect of environmental factors on polyketide synthase gene expression, usnic acid biosynthesis, and ground cover of a lichen-fungus, cladonia uncialis |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Newfoundland |
op_source |
Botany volume 99, issue 11, page 735-745 ISSN 1916-2790 1916-2804 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0009 |
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Botany |
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