Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment
Performance indicators of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exposed to the Antarctic environment were assessed using field and laboratory methods. Barrier properties of the GCLs were not impacted by the field conditions and exhumed hydraulic conductivities with respect to tap water ranged from 0.4 × 1...
Published in: | Canadian Geotechnical Journal |
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 2024-09-09T19:08:26+00:00 Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment Battista, V. Di Rowe, R.K. McWatters, R.S. 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Canadian Geotechnical Journal volume 59, issue 11, page 1919-1936 ISSN 0008-3674 1208-6010 journal-article 2022 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 2024-06-27T04:11:03Z Performance indicators of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exposed to the Antarctic environment were assessed using field and laboratory methods. Barrier properties of the GCLs were not impacted by the field conditions and exhumed hydraulic conductivities with respect to tap water ranged from 0.4 × 10 −11 to 12 × 10 −11 m/s, compared to 5 × 10 −11 m/s (virgin) and from 2.1 × 10 −11 to 8.8 × 10 −11 m/s for a synthetic leachate, compared to 2.5 × 10 −11 to 7.6 × 10 −11 m/s for virgin specimens. The self-healing ability of bentonite remained intact despite environmental exposure as evidenced by X-ray radiographs. Using a test plot to evaluate GCL hydration with the major determinant of hydration was identified as proximity to meltwater flow. However, a finer subgrade ( D 60 = 5–7 mm) increased average and peak GCL moisture contents in areas not inundated with meltwater and resulted in less deformation than a coarse subgrade ( D 60 > 16 mm). Additionally, X-ray radiographs showed increased self-healing in monitoring specimens overlying fine subgrades. Environmental exposure (e.g., temperature cycling and dehydration/rehydration) did not affect the hydraulic conductivity of test plot specimens (1.1 × 10 −11 to 8.5 × 10 −11 m/s) compared to the virgin GCL (6.7 × 10 −11 m/s) with respect to tap water, and minimal cation exchange had occurred. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Canadian Science Publishing Antarctic The Antarctic Canadian Geotechnical Journal |
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Open Polar |
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Canadian Science Publishing |
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English |
description |
Performance indicators of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exposed to the Antarctic environment were assessed using field and laboratory methods. Barrier properties of the GCLs were not impacted by the field conditions and exhumed hydraulic conductivities with respect to tap water ranged from 0.4 × 10 −11 to 12 × 10 −11 m/s, compared to 5 × 10 −11 m/s (virgin) and from 2.1 × 10 −11 to 8.8 × 10 −11 m/s for a synthetic leachate, compared to 2.5 × 10 −11 to 7.6 × 10 −11 m/s for virgin specimens. The self-healing ability of bentonite remained intact despite environmental exposure as evidenced by X-ray radiographs. Using a test plot to evaluate GCL hydration with the major determinant of hydration was identified as proximity to meltwater flow. However, a finer subgrade ( D 60 = 5–7 mm) increased average and peak GCL moisture contents in areas not inundated with meltwater and resulted in less deformation than a coarse subgrade ( D 60 > 16 mm). Additionally, X-ray radiographs showed increased self-healing in monitoring specimens overlying fine subgrades. Environmental exposure (e.g., temperature cycling and dehydration/rehydration) did not affect the hydraulic conductivity of test plot specimens (1.1 × 10 −11 to 8.5 × 10 −11 m/s) compared to the virgin GCL (6.7 × 10 −11 m/s) with respect to tap water, and minimal cation exchange had occurred. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Battista, V. Di Rowe, R.K. McWatters, R.S. |
spellingShingle |
Battista, V. Di Rowe, R.K. McWatters, R.S. Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment |
author_facet |
Battista, V. Di Rowe, R.K. McWatters, R.S. |
author_sort |
Battista, V. Di |
title |
Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment |
title_short |
Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment |
title_full |
Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment |
title_fullStr |
Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment |
title_sort |
field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting gcl performance in the antarctic environment |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Canadian Geotechnical Journal volume 59, issue 11, page 1919-1936 ISSN 0008-3674 1208-6010 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2021-0552 |
container_title |
Canadian Geotechnical Journal |
_version_ |
1809822661289705472 |