Surface-based temperature inversion characteristics and impact on surface air temperatures in northwestern Canada from radiosonde data between 1990 and 2016

• Published in: Arctic Science
• Main Authors: Noad, Nick C., Bonnaventure, Philip P., Gilson, Gaëlle F., Jiskoot, Hester, Garibaldi, Madeleine C.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Canadian Science Publishing 2023
• Subjects: Arctic; Canada; Beaufort Sea; Ice; permafrost; Sea ice
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2022-0031; https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1139/as-2022-0031; https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/as-2022-0031

Assumptions of linear lapse rates in regions prone to surface-based inversions (SBIs) can generate biases in the prediction of surface air temperature. Although studies of Arctic inversions are common, few regional studies of their characteristics exist in high-latitude regions with mountainous topography. To address this gap, vertical atmospheric temperature profiles for five sites in northwestern Canada were analysed using archived radiosonde data from 1990 to 2016. We present monthly, seasonal, and annual SBI characteristics including the occurrence of transient and persistent SBIs. A novel metric, surface-based inversion impact (SBI imp ), was developed by combining the traditional inversion characteristics of depth, strength, and frequency, and was used to quantify the impact of SBIs on cooling the surface air temperature. SBI imp values of >5 °C yr −1 and ∼10 °C winter −1 occur locally. A weak linear relationship between sea ice coverage in the Beaufort Sea and SBI imp manifests across parts of the study area, though this relationship does not persist after detrending the datasets. Topographic analysis of areas surrounding each radiosonde location reveals highly variable SBI imp in complex mountain areas and more consistent SBI imp across areas of low relief. Our results can help interpret the role of inversions in climatic conditions maintaining cryospheric elements such as permafrost.