Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms
The extremity of winter conditions in the present-day polar regions is unique on Earth. Each year organisms are subjected to extremes of temperature and depending on latitude, prolonged periods of darkness. Organisms have adapted to these extremes through a variety of overwintering strategies that r...
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crcansciencepubl:10.1139/a00-001 2023-12-17T10:21:29+01:00 Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms Cockell, Charles S Stokes, M Dale Korsmeyer, Keith E 2000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a00-001 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/a00-001 en eng Canadian Science Publishing http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining Environmental Reviews volume 8, issue 1, page 1-19 ISSN 1181-8700 1208-6053 General Environmental Science journal-article 2000 crcansciencepubl https://doi.org/10.1139/a00-001 2023-11-19T13:39:16Z The extremity of winter conditions in the present-day polar regions is unique on Earth. Each year organisms are subjected to extremes of temperature and depending on latitude, prolonged periods of darkness. Organisms have adapted to these extremes through a variety of overwintering strategies that range from physiological changes to alterations in geographical distributions. Some adaptations are specific to just a few taxa, such as huddling by penguins, a strategy that is also seen in some Arctic mammals. However, other strategies are common to a wide diversity of taxa, such as fat storage throughout the winter or migratory avoidance behavior. Although many organisms have specifically adapted to polar conditions, it is also apparent that for many, survival of the Antarctic winter draws upon an inherent phenotypic plasticity particularly amongst the invertebrates. In this review the adaptations of a wide range of organisms to the polar winter environment are discussed. This review concentrates on the Antarctic, although the Arctic is discussed for comparison where appropriate.Keywords: winter, overwintering, polar, Arctic, Antarctic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Environmental Reviews 8 1 1 19 |
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Open Polar |
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Canadian Science Publishing (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crcansciencepubl |
language |
English |
topic |
General Environmental Science |
spellingShingle |
General Environmental Science Cockell, Charles S Stokes, M Dale Korsmeyer, Keith E Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms |
topic_facet |
General Environmental Science |
description |
The extremity of winter conditions in the present-day polar regions is unique on Earth. Each year organisms are subjected to extremes of temperature and depending on latitude, prolonged periods of darkness. Organisms have adapted to these extremes through a variety of overwintering strategies that range from physiological changes to alterations in geographical distributions. Some adaptations are specific to just a few taxa, such as huddling by penguins, a strategy that is also seen in some Arctic mammals. However, other strategies are common to a wide diversity of taxa, such as fat storage throughout the winter or migratory avoidance behavior. Although many organisms have specifically adapted to polar conditions, it is also apparent that for many, survival of the Antarctic winter draws upon an inherent phenotypic plasticity particularly amongst the invertebrates. In this review the adaptations of a wide range of organisms to the polar winter environment are discussed. This review concentrates on the Antarctic, although the Arctic is discussed for comparison where appropriate.Keywords: winter, overwintering, polar, Arctic, Antarctic. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cockell, Charles S Stokes, M Dale Korsmeyer, Keith E |
author_facet |
Cockell, Charles S Stokes, M Dale Korsmeyer, Keith E |
author_sort |
Cockell, Charles S |
title |
Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms |
title_short |
Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms |
title_full |
Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms |
title_fullStr |
Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms |
title_sort |
overwintering strategies of antarctic organisms |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a00-001 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/a00-001 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
op_source |
Environmental Reviews volume 8, issue 1, page 1-19 ISSN 1181-8700 1208-6053 |
op_rights |
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/a00-001 |
container_title |
Environmental Reviews |
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8 |
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1 |
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1 |
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19 |
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1785535154493587456 |