The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey
Abstract Caliche in various forms, namely powdery, nodule, tube, fracture-infill, laminar crust, hard laminated crust (hardpan), and pisolitic crust, is widespread in the Mersin area in southern Turkey. It generally occurs within and/or over the reddish-brown mudstone of the Kuzgun Formation (Torton...
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/ccmn.2008.0560208 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0009860400034583 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1346/ccmn.2008.0560208 2024-04-28T08:15:41+00:00 The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey Kadir, Selahattin Eren, Muhsin 2008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/ccmn.2008.0560208 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0009860400034583 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Clays and Clay Minerals volume 56, issue 2, page 244-258 ISSN 0009-8604 1552-8367 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology journal-article 2008 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1346/ccmn.2008.0560208 2024-04-02T06:55:42Z Abstract Caliche in various forms, namely powdery, nodule, tube, fracture-infill, laminar crust, hard laminated crust (hardpan), and pisolitic crust, is widespread in the Mersin area in southern Turkey. It generally occurs within and/or over the reddish-brown mudstone of the Kuzgun Formation (Tortonian, Miocene) and alluvial red soils of the Quaternary. The mineralogical distribution along representative caliche profiles was examined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis-thermal gravimetry, and chemical techniques. Calcite is the most abundant mineral associated with minor amounts of palygorskite in caliche samples, whereas smectite is prevalent mainly in the reddish-brown mudstone and alluvial red soils of the caliche parent materials and is associated with appreciable amounts of palygorskite. These minerals are also accompanied by trace amount of illite, quartz, feldspar, and a poorly crystalline phase. Palygorskite fibers and fiber bundles were developed authigenically on euhedral or subhedral calcite crystals of the caliche units and at the edges of smectite flakes in the caliche host-rocks or sediments. Intense, continuous evaporation of subsurface soil-water resulted in an increase in pH and the dissolution of detrital smectite within the red mudstones and alluvial red soils that enclose the isolated caliche forms, and caused an increase in the Al+Fe and Mg/Ca ratio, favoring the formation of palygorskite under alkaline conditions. The calcium required for caliche formation may have originated from eolian dust, detrital carbonate minerals, and/or other caliche materials, which are dissolved by carbonic acid. Article in Journal/Newspaper Carbonic acid Cambridge University Press Clays and Clay Minerals 56 2 244 258 |
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Open Polar |
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Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology |
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Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Kadir, Selahattin Eren, Muhsin The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey |
topic_facet |
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology |
description |
Abstract Caliche in various forms, namely powdery, nodule, tube, fracture-infill, laminar crust, hard laminated crust (hardpan), and pisolitic crust, is widespread in the Mersin area in southern Turkey. It generally occurs within and/or over the reddish-brown mudstone of the Kuzgun Formation (Tortonian, Miocene) and alluvial red soils of the Quaternary. The mineralogical distribution along representative caliche profiles was examined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis-thermal gravimetry, and chemical techniques. Calcite is the most abundant mineral associated with minor amounts of palygorskite in caliche samples, whereas smectite is prevalent mainly in the reddish-brown mudstone and alluvial red soils of the caliche parent materials and is associated with appreciable amounts of palygorskite. These minerals are also accompanied by trace amount of illite, quartz, feldspar, and a poorly crystalline phase. Palygorskite fibers and fiber bundles were developed authigenically on euhedral or subhedral calcite crystals of the caliche units and at the edges of smectite flakes in the caliche host-rocks or sediments. Intense, continuous evaporation of subsurface soil-water resulted in an increase in pH and the dissolution of detrital smectite within the red mudstones and alluvial red soils that enclose the isolated caliche forms, and caused an increase in the Al+Fe and Mg/Ca ratio, favoring the formation of palygorskite under alkaline conditions. The calcium required for caliche formation may have originated from eolian dust, detrital carbonate minerals, and/or other caliche materials, which are dissolved by carbonic acid. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kadir, Selahattin Eren, Muhsin |
author_facet |
Kadir, Selahattin Eren, Muhsin |
author_sort |
Kadir, Selahattin |
title |
The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey |
title_short |
The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey |
title_full |
The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey |
title_fullStr |
The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey |
title_full_unstemmed |
The occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with Quaternary caliches in the Mersin area, southern Turkey |
title_sort |
occurrence and genesis of clay minerals associated with quaternary caliches in the mersin area, southern turkey |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/ccmn.2008.0560208 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0009860400034583 |
genre |
Carbonic acid |
genre_facet |
Carbonic acid |
op_source |
Clays and Clay Minerals volume 56, issue 2, page 244-258 ISSN 0009-8604 1552-8367 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1346/ccmn.2008.0560208 |
container_title |
Clays and Clay Minerals |
container_volume |
56 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
244 |
op_container_end_page |
258 |
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1797581117853794304 |