Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern
Summary This is the fourth comprehensive assessment of the population status of all wild bird species in Europe. It identifies Species of European Conservation Concern (SPECs) so that action can be taken to improve their status. Species are categorised according to their global extinction risk, the...
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2023
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270923000187 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0959270923000187 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0959270923000187 2024-09-09T19:28:11+00:00 Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern Burfield, Ian J. Rutherford, Claire A. Fernando, Eresha Grice, Hannah Piggott, Alexa Martin, Rob W. Balman, Mark Evans, Michael I. Staneva, Anna 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270923000187 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0959270923000187 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Bird Conservation International volume 33 ISSN 0959-2709 1474-0001 journal-article 2023 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270923000187 2024-08-28T04:03:36Z Summary This is the fourth comprehensive assessment of the population status of all wild bird species in Europe. It identifies Species of European Conservation Concern (SPECs) so that action can be taken to improve their status. Species are categorised according to their global extinction risk, the size and trend of their European population and range, and Europe’s global responsibility for them. Of the 546 species assessed, 207 (38%) are SPECs: 74 (14%) of global concern (SPEC 1); 32 (6%) of European concern and concentrated in Europe (SPEC 2); and 101 (18%) of European concern but not concentrated in Europe (SPEC 3). The proportion of SPECs has remained similar (38–43%) across all four assessments since 1994, but the number of SPEC 1 species of global concern has trebled. The 44 species assessed as Non-SPECs in the third assessment (2017) but as SPECs here include multiple waders, raptors and passerines that breed in arctic, boreal or alpine regions, highlighting the growing importance of northern Europe and mountain ecosystems for bird conservation. Conversely, the 62 species assessed as SPECs in 2017 but as Non-SPECs here include various large waterbirds and raptors that are recovering due to conservation action. Since 1994, the number of specially protected species (listed on Annex I of the EU Birds Directive) qualifying as SPECs has fallen by 33%, while the number of huntable (Annex II) species qualifying as SPECs has risen by 56%. The broad patterns identified previously remain evident: 100 species have been classified as SPECs in all four assessments, including numerous farmland and steppe birds, ducks, waders, raptors, seabirds and long-distance migrants. Many of their populations are heavily depleted or continue to decline and/or contract in range. Europe still holds 3.4–5.4 billion breeding birds, but more action to halt and reverse losses is needed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Cambridge University Press Arctic Bird Conservation International 33 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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English |
description |
Summary This is the fourth comprehensive assessment of the population status of all wild bird species in Europe. It identifies Species of European Conservation Concern (SPECs) so that action can be taken to improve their status. Species are categorised according to their global extinction risk, the size and trend of their European population and range, and Europe’s global responsibility for them. Of the 546 species assessed, 207 (38%) are SPECs: 74 (14%) of global concern (SPEC 1); 32 (6%) of European concern and concentrated in Europe (SPEC 2); and 101 (18%) of European concern but not concentrated in Europe (SPEC 3). The proportion of SPECs has remained similar (38–43%) across all four assessments since 1994, but the number of SPEC 1 species of global concern has trebled. The 44 species assessed as Non-SPECs in the third assessment (2017) but as SPECs here include multiple waders, raptors and passerines that breed in arctic, boreal or alpine regions, highlighting the growing importance of northern Europe and mountain ecosystems for bird conservation. Conversely, the 62 species assessed as SPECs in 2017 but as Non-SPECs here include various large waterbirds and raptors that are recovering due to conservation action. Since 1994, the number of specially protected species (listed on Annex I of the EU Birds Directive) qualifying as SPECs has fallen by 33%, while the number of huntable (Annex II) species qualifying as SPECs has risen by 56%. The broad patterns identified previously remain evident: 100 species have been classified as SPECs in all four assessments, including numerous farmland and steppe birds, ducks, waders, raptors, seabirds and long-distance migrants. Many of their populations are heavily depleted or continue to decline and/or contract in range. Europe still holds 3.4–5.4 billion breeding birds, but more action to halt and reverse losses is needed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Burfield, Ian J. Rutherford, Claire A. Fernando, Eresha Grice, Hannah Piggott, Alexa Martin, Rob W. Balman, Mark Evans, Michael I. Staneva, Anna |
spellingShingle |
Burfield, Ian J. Rutherford, Claire A. Fernando, Eresha Grice, Hannah Piggott, Alexa Martin, Rob W. Balman, Mark Evans, Michael I. Staneva, Anna Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern |
author_facet |
Burfield, Ian J. Rutherford, Claire A. Fernando, Eresha Grice, Hannah Piggott, Alexa Martin, Rob W. Balman, Mark Evans, Michael I. Staneva, Anna |
author_sort |
Burfield, Ian J. |
title |
Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern |
title_short |
Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern |
title_full |
Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern |
title_fullStr |
Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern |
title_full_unstemmed |
Birds in Europe 4: the fourth assessment of Species of European Conservation Concern |
title_sort |
birds in europe 4: the fourth assessment of species of european conservation concern |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270923000187 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0959270923000187 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Bird Conservation International volume 33 ISSN 0959-2709 1474-0001 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270923000187 |
container_title |
Bird Conservation International |
container_volume |
33 |
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1809897448996339712 |