Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands
The consumption of food by the four species of breeding penguins at the Prince Edward Islands is assessed on an annual and seasonal basis. Total annual food consumption was estimated at 880 000 t, of which king penguins accounted for 74%, macaroni penguins 21%, rockhopper penguins 5% and gentoo peng...
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Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1993
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000331 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0954102093000331 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0954102093000331 2024-03-03T08:39:26+00:00 Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands Adams, N. J. Moloney, C. Navarro, R. 1993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000331 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0954102093000331 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Antarctic Science volume 5, issue 3, page 245-252 ISSN 0954-1020 1365-2079 Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography journal-article 1993 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000331 2024-02-08T08:27:39Z The consumption of food by the four species of breeding penguins at the Prince Edward Islands is assessed on an annual and seasonal basis. Total annual food consumption was estimated at 880 000 t, of which king penguins accounted for 74%, macaroni penguins 21%, rockhopper penguins 5% and gentoo penguins <1%. Pelagic fish, almost entirely myctophids, were the most important prey (70% of total prey biomass), followed by pelagic crustaceans (18%) and cephalopods (11%). Demersal fish and benthic crustaceans accounted for <1% of total consumption, being consumed only by gentoo penguins. Peak demands of between 2 and 3.3 × 10 6 kg d −1 occurred from October–December when three of the four species were breeding, including the two demi-populations of king penguins. Food demand decreased to 1.2 × 10 6 kg d −1 during winter when only king and gentoo penguins were present. Much of the prey are presumably captured within 300 km of the islands. Assuming an even distribution of foraging effort within their respective foraging ranges, rates of food transferred to penguins in November ranged from 4.1 × 10 −3 g m −2 d −1 for macaroni penguins to 1.24 × 10 −2 g m −2 d −1 for king penguins. In mid-July, transfer rates to king and gentoo penguins were 3.9 × 10 −3 g m −2 d −1 and 6.7 × 10 −3 g m −2 d −1 , respectively. The importance of pelagic myctophid fish to penguin populations at the Prince Edward Islands is clear. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarctic Science King Penguins Prince Edward Islands Cambridge University Press Antarctic Science 5 3 245 252 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography Adams, N. J. Moloney, C. Navarro, R. Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
topic_facet |
Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography |
description |
The consumption of food by the four species of breeding penguins at the Prince Edward Islands is assessed on an annual and seasonal basis. Total annual food consumption was estimated at 880 000 t, of which king penguins accounted for 74%, macaroni penguins 21%, rockhopper penguins 5% and gentoo penguins <1%. Pelagic fish, almost entirely myctophids, were the most important prey (70% of total prey biomass), followed by pelagic crustaceans (18%) and cephalopods (11%). Demersal fish and benthic crustaceans accounted for <1% of total consumption, being consumed only by gentoo penguins. Peak demands of between 2 and 3.3 × 10 6 kg d −1 occurred from October–December when three of the four species were breeding, including the two demi-populations of king penguins. Food demand decreased to 1.2 × 10 6 kg d −1 during winter when only king and gentoo penguins were present. Much of the prey are presumably captured within 300 km of the islands. Assuming an even distribution of foraging effort within their respective foraging ranges, rates of food transferred to penguins in November ranged from 4.1 × 10 −3 g m −2 d −1 for macaroni penguins to 1.24 × 10 −2 g m −2 d −1 for king penguins. In mid-July, transfer rates to king and gentoo penguins were 3.9 × 10 −3 g m −2 d −1 and 6.7 × 10 −3 g m −2 d −1 , respectively. The importance of pelagic myctophid fish to penguin populations at the Prince Edward Islands is clear. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Adams, N. J. Moloney, C. Navarro, R. |
author_facet |
Adams, N. J. Moloney, C. Navarro, R. |
author_sort |
Adams, N. J. |
title |
Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_short |
Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_full |
Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_fullStr |
Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estimated food consumption by penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_sort |
estimated food consumption by penguins at the prince edward islands |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1993 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000331 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0954102093000331 |
genre |
Antarctic Science King Penguins Prince Edward Islands |
genre_facet |
Antarctic Science King Penguins Prince Edward Islands |
op_source |
Antarctic Science volume 5, issue 3, page 245-252 ISSN 0954-1020 1365-2079 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000331 |
container_title |
Antarctic Science |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
245 |
op_container_end_page |
252 |
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1792494987982667776 |