Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing
Two shallow ponds at Cape Evans, Ross Island, were sampled at 1–2 week intervals, during winter freezing throughout the winter and during the subsequent melt period, to examine the physical and chemical conditions imposed on the biota during the year. Liquid water was first detected at the base of t...
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1991
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0954102091000482 2024-03-03T08:38:25+00:00 Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing Schmidt, S. Moskal, W. De Mora, S. J. Howard-Williams, C. Vincent, W. F. 1991 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102091000482 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0954102091000482 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Antarctic Science volume 3, issue 4, page 379-388 ISSN 0954-1020 1365-2079 Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography journal-article 1991 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102091000482 2024-02-08T08:43:10Z Two shallow ponds at Cape Evans, Ross Island, were sampled at 1–2 week intervals, during winter freezing throughout the winter and during the subsequent melt period, to examine the physical and chemical conditions imposed on the biota during the year. Liquid water was first detected at the base of the ponds in late December. During the main summer melt period conductivities were less than 10 mS cm −1 with maximum daily temperatures around 5°C. The bottom waters became increasingly saline during freezing and water temperatures decreased below 0°C; by June the remaining water overlying the sediments had conductivities >150 mS cm −1 and temperatures of −13°C. Calcium carbonate, then sodium sulphate precipitated out of solution during early freezing. The dominant nitrogen species was dissolved organic-N which reached 12 g m −3 in Pond 1 just prior to final freeze up. The organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen and dissolved reactive phosphorus increased with increasing conductivity in the ponds. The behaviour of particulate-N and particulate-P mirrored that of chlorophyll a with a peak in March-April and a second higher peak just before final freeze-up. This study provides clear evidence that organisms which persist throughout the year in Antarctic coastal ponds must be capable of surviving much more severe osmotic, pH, temperature and redox conditions than those measured during the summer melt. Deoxygenation, pH decline and H 2 S production, however, point to continued respiratory activity well into the dark winter months. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Ross Island Cambridge University Press Antarctic Ross Island Cape Evans ENVELOPE(161.550,161.550,-75.100,-75.100) Antarctic Science 3 4 379 388 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography Schmidt, S. Moskal, W. De Mora, S. J. Howard-Williams, C. Vincent, W. F. Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
topic_facet |
Geology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography |
description |
Two shallow ponds at Cape Evans, Ross Island, were sampled at 1–2 week intervals, during winter freezing throughout the winter and during the subsequent melt period, to examine the physical and chemical conditions imposed on the biota during the year. Liquid water was first detected at the base of the ponds in late December. During the main summer melt period conductivities were less than 10 mS cm −1 with maximum daily temperatures around 5°C. The bottom waters became increasingly saline during freezing and water temperatures decreased below 0°C; by June the remaining water overlying the sediments had conductivities >150 mS cm −1 and temperatures of −13°C. Calcium carbonate, then sodium sulphate precipitated out of solution during early freezing. The dominant nitrogen species was dissolved organic-N which reached 12 g m −3 in Pond 1 just prior to final freeze up. The organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen and dissolved reactive phosphorus increased with increasing conductivity in the ponds. The behaviour of particulate-N and particulate-P mirrored that of chlorophyll a with a peak in March-April and a second higher peak just before final freeze-up. This study provides clear evidence that organisms which persist throughout the year in Antarctic coastal ponds must be capable of surviving much more severe osmotic, pH, temperature and redox conditions than those measured during the summer melt. Deoxygenation, pH decline and H 2 S production, however, point to continued respiratory activity well into the dark winter months. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schmidt, S. Moskal, W. De Mora, S. J. Howard-Williams, C. Vincent, W. F. |
author_facet |
Schmidt, S. Moskal, W. De Mora, S. J. Howard-Williams, C. Vincent, W. F. |
author_sort |
Schmidt, S. |
title |
Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
title_short |
Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
title_full |
Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
title_fullStr |
Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
title_sort |
limnological properties of antarctic ponds during winter freezing |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1991 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102091000482 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0954102091000482 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(161.550,161.550,-75.100,-75.100) |
geographic |
Antarctic Ross Island Cape Evans |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Ross Island Cape Evans |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Ross Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Ross Island |
op_source |
Antarctic Science volume 3, issue 4, page 379-388 ISSN 0954-1020 1365-2079 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102091000482 |
container_title |
Antarctic Science |
container_volume |
3 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
379 |
op_container_end_page |
388 |
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1792506809254150144 |