Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland
ABSTRACT The Recent Saefell tuff-ring on Heimaey, Iceland was formed by surtseyan activity in shallow seawater. The tuff-ring has a basal diameter of about 3 km, a maximum rim height of 188 m above sea-level and a crater diameter of 1300 m. Three tuff-units are recognised, separated by unconformitie...
Published in: | Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1983
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000986x https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S026359330000986X |
id |
crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s026359330000986x |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s026359330000986x 2024-04-28T08:23:06+00:00 Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland Leys, Clyde A. 1983 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000986x https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S026359330000986X en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences volume 74, issue 1, page 15-22 ISSN 0263-5933 1473-7116 Paleontology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) journal-article 1983 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000986x 2024-04-02T06:55:11Z ABSTRACT The Recent Saefell tuff-ring on Heimaey, Iceland was formed by surtseyan activity in shallow seawater. The tuff-ring has a basal diameter of about 3 km, a maximum rim height of 188 m above sea-level and a crater diameter of 1300 m. Three tuff-units are recognised, separated by unconformities on and inside the crater rim due to syndepositional slumping. The crater contains a nested rim which was constructed above slumped crater tuffs. Directional data indicate strongly directed blasts to the SW at a late stage in the activity. Throughout the volcanic activity, base-surges formed antidunes, U-shaped channels, vesiculated tuffs, small ripples and plastering structures. One antidune reflects a decrease in surge flow power during deposition and subsequent slumping due to base-surge drag and instabilities developed during growth. On the basis of field characteristics, the structures are divided into those deposited by hot, dry, fast-moving surges and those by cooler, wet, slow-moving surges. Base-surges are compared with turbidity currents and deposition of distinct structures by the head, body and tail regions is interpreted. Article in Journal/Newspaper Heimaey Iceland Cambridge University Press Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 74 1 15 22 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Paleontology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) |
spellingShingle |
Paleontology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Leys, Clyde A. Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Paleontology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) |
description |
ABSTRACT The Recent Saefell tuff-ring on Heimaey, Iceland was formed by surtseyan activity in shallow seawater. The tuff-ring has a basal diameter of about 3 km, a maximum rim height of 188 m above sea-level and a crater diameter of 1300 m. Three tuff-units are recognised, separated by unconformities on and inside the crater rim due to syndepositional slumping. The crater contains a nested rim which was constructed above slumped crater tuffs. Directional data indicate strongly directed blasts to the SW at a late stage in the activity. Throughout the volcanic activity, base-surges formed antidunes, U-shaped channels, vesiculated tuffs, small ripples and plastering structures. One antidune reflects a decrease in surge flow power during deposition and subsequent slumping due to base-surge drag and instabilities developed during growth. On the basis of field characteristics, the structures are divided into those deposited by hot, dry, fast-moving surges and those by cooler, wet, slow-moving surges. Base-surges are compared with turbidity currents and deposition of distinct structures by the head, body and tail regions is interpreted. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leys, Clyde A. |
author_facet |
Leys, Clyde A. |
author_sort |
Leys, Clyde A. |
title |
Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland |
title_short |
Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland |
title_full |
Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the Saefell tuff-ring, Iceland |
title_sort |
volcanic and sedimentary processes during formation of the saefell tuff-ring, iceland |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1983 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000986x https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S026359330000986X |
genre |
Heimaey Iceland |
genre_facet |
Heimaey Iceland |
op_source |
Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences volume 74, issue 1, page 15-22 ISSN 0263-5933 1473-7116 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000986x |
container_title |
Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences |
container_volume |
74 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
15 |
op_container_end_page |
22 |
_version_ |
1797584289205846016 |