Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human
Marine n -3 fatty acids improve most of the biochemical alterations associated with insulin resistance (IR). Experimental models of dietary-induced IR in rodents have shown their ability (often at a very high dose) to prevent IR, but with sometimes a tissue specific effect. However, in a high sucros...
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0029665120000087 2024-03-03T08:45:52+00:00 Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human Delarue, Jacques 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665120000087 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0029665120000087 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Proceedings of the Nutrition Society volume 79, issue 4, page 417-427 ISSN 0029-6651 1475-2719 Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) journal-article 2020 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665120000087 2024-02-08T08:45:14Z Marine n -3 fatty acids improve most of the biochemical alterations associated with insulin resistance (IR). Experimental models of dietary-induced IR in rodents have shown their ability (often at a very high dose) to prevent IR, but with sometimes a tissue specific effect. However, in a high sucrose diet-induced IR rat model, they are unable to reverse IR once installed; in other rodent models (dexamethasone, Zucker rats), they are inefficacious perhaps because of the severity of IR. The very low incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) in Inuits in the 1960s, which largely increased over the following decades in parallel to the replacement of their traditional marine food for a western diet strongly suggests a protective effect of marine n -3 towards the risk of T2D; this was confirmed by reversal of its incidence in intervention studies reintroducing their traditional food. In healthy subjects and insulin-resistant non-diabetic patients, most trials and meta-analyses conclude to an insulin-sensitising effect and to a very probable preventive or alleviating effect towards IR. Concerning the risk of T2D, concordant data allow us to conclude the protective effect of marine n -3 in Asians while suspicion exists of an aggravation of risk in Westerners, but with the possibility that it could be explained by a high heterogeneity of studies performed in this population. Some longitudinal cohorts in US/European people showed no association or a decreased risk. Further studies using more homogeneous doses, sources of n -3 and assessment of insulin sensitivity methods are required to better delineate their effects in Westerners. Article in Journal/Newspaper inuits Cambridge University Press Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 79 4 417 427 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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English |
topic |
Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) |
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Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) Delarue, Jacques Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human |
topic_facet |
Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) |
description |
Marine n -3 fatty acids improve most of the biochemical alterations associated with insulin resistance (IR). Experimental models of dietary-induced IR in rodents have shown their ability (often at a very high dose) to prevent IR, but with sometimes a tissue specific effect. However, in a high sucrose diet-induced IR rat model, they are unable to reverse IR once installed; in other rodent models (dexamethasone, Zucker rats), they are inefficacious perhaps because of the severity of IR. The very low incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) in Inuits in the 1960s, which largely increased over the following decades in parallel to the replacement of their traditional marine food for a western diet strongly suggests a protective effect of marine n -3 towards the risk of T2D; this was confirmed by reversal of its incidence in intervention studies reintroducing their traditional food. In healthy subjects and insulin-resistant non-diabetic patients, most trials and meta-analyses conclude to an insulin-sensitising effect and to a very probable preventive or alleviating effect towards IR. Concerning the risk of T2D, concordant data allow us to conclude the protective effect of marine n -3 in Asians while suspicion exists of an aggravation of risk in Westerners, but with the possibility that it could be explained by a high heterogeneity of studies performed in this population. Some longitudinal cohorts in US/European people showed no association or a decreased risk. Further studies using more homogeneous doses, sources of n -3 and assessment of insulin sensitivity methods are required to better delineate their effects in Westerners. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Delarue, Jacques |
author_facet |
Delarue, Jacques |
author_sort |
Delarue, Jacques |
title |
Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human |
title_short |
Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human |
title_full |
Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human |
title_fullStr |
Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human |
title_full_unstemmed |
Are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? From cell to human |
title_sort |
are marine n -3 fatty acids protective towards insulin resistance? from cell to human |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665120000087 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0029665120000087 |
genre |
inuits |
genre_facet |
inuits |
op_source |
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society volume 79, issue 4, page 417-427 ISSN 0029-6651 1475-2719 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665120000087 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society |
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79 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
417 |
op_container_end_page |
427 |
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1792501529779896320 |