A Cyphonautes Larva (Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata) from the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica

• Published in: Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
• Main Authors: Shreeve, Rachael S., Hayward, Peter J.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge University Press (CUP) 1995
• Subjects: Aquatic Science; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Bellingshausen Sea; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540001835x; https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S002531540001835X

Bryozoans are an important component of the sessile, suspension-feeding fauna on the Antarctic continental shelf, (Knox & Cameron, 1970; Dell, 1972; Winston, 1983; Winston & Heimberg, 1988). Antarctic bryozoan faunas are systematically diverse, and display a broad range of colony morphotypes; they include fast-growing, short-lived species and long-lived perennials (Winston & Heimberg, 1988). Very little is presently known about the reproductive biology of Antarctic bryozoans, although it seems that a preponderance of species brood lecithotrophic larvae with a short, free-swimming phase. Planktotrophic larvae with a free-swimming phase of several weeks occur in a variety of gymnolaemate families, principally distributed in temperate coastal waters, and most often associated with specialized microhabitats or substrates. This type of larva, referred to as a cyphonautes (Zimmer & Woollacott, 1977), has not previously been reported from polar seas, and its occurrence in the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica, is thus of considerable interest.