Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice
Abstract Triaxial experiments, at confining pressures in the range 0–13.79 MPa, have been performed on glacial ice collected from four icebergs and one glacier. Tests were conducted at strain rates in the range of 5 × 10 −5 to 5 × 10 −5 s −1 and at four temperatures in the range of −1° to −16°C. Dep...
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1995
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000034869 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000034869 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000034869 2024-06-16T07:41:09+00:00 Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice Gagnon, R. E. Gammon, P. H. 1995 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000034869 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000034869 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) Journal of Glaciology volume 41, issue 139, page 528-540 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 journal-article 1995 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000034869 2024-05-22T12:56:00Z Abstract Triaxial experiments, at confining pressures in the range 0–13.79 MPa, have been performed on glacial ice collected from four icebergs and one glacier. Tests were conducted at strain rates in the range of 5 × 10 −5 to 5 × 10 −5 s −1 and at four temperatures in the range of −1° to −16°C. Depending on test conditions, the ice failed by one of four possible modes ductile deformation, due to extensive non-interacting microcracks; fracture along a shear plane followed by continuous or stick-slip sliding; large-scale brittle fracture; and combined ductile and shear-plane fracture and slip The strength Increased with decreasing temperature, increasing strain rate up to 5 × 10 −3 s −1 and increasing confining pressure at the lower temperatures. The strength at 5 × 10 −2 s −1 was lower than at 5 × 10 −3 s −1 probably because extension and interaction of microcracks is enhanced at the higher rate. For higher confining pressures at −1°C, the strength decreased due to freezing-point depression. The ice from the different sources exhibited different mean uniaxial compressive strengths. The mean number of air bubbles per unit volume correlated with the mean uniaxial compressive strengths and this may be the dominant factor distinguishing the strengths of the various ice types. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 41 139 528 540 |
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Open Polar |
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Cambridge University Press |
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English |
description |
Abstract Triaxial experiments, at confining pressures in the range 0–13.79 MPa, have been performed on glacial ice collected from four icebergs and one glacier. Tests were conducted at strain rates in the range of 5 × 10 −5 to 5 × 10 −5 s −1 and at four temperatures in the range of −1° to −16°C. Depending on test conditions, the ice failed by one of four possible modes ductile deformation, due to extensive non-interacting microcracks; fracture along a shear plane followed by continuous or stick-slip sliding; large-scale brittle fracture; and combined ductile and shear-plane fracture and slip The strength Increased with decreasing temperature, increasing strain rate up to 5 × 10 −3 s −1 and increasing confining pressure at the lower temperatures. The strength at 5 × 10 −2 s −1 was lower than at 5 × 10 −3 s −1 probably because extension and interaction of microcracks is enhanced at the higher rate. For higher confining pressures at −1°C, the strength decreased due to freezing-point depression. The ice from the different sources exhibited different mean uniaxial compressive strengths. The mean number of air bubbles per unit volume correlated with the mean uniaxial compressive strengths and this may be the dominant factor distinguishing the strengths of the various ice types. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gagnon, R. E. Gammon, P. H. |
spellingShingle |
Gagnon, R. E. Gammon, P. H. Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
author_facet |
Gagnon, R. E. Gammon, P. H. |
author_sort |
Gagnon, R. E. |
title |
Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
title_short |
Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
title_full |
Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
title_fullStr |
Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
title_sort |
triaxial experiments on iceberg and glacier ice |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1995 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000034869 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000034869 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 41, issue 139, page 528-540 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000034869 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
41 |
container_issue |
139 |
container_start_page |
528 |
op_container_end_page |
540 |
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1802008275445612544 |