Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates
The Workman–Reynolds effect was studied in the growth of ice on a monocrystalline seed, at constant growth rates and under steady-state conditions, from KF solutions at concentrations from 2 × 10 −5 to 10 × 10 −5 Normal. Freezing potentials increased with growth rate to a maximum of 12 V at 11.2 μ m...
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Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1973
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000031890 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000031890 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000031890 2024-03-03T08:46:08+00:00 Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates Hanley, T. O’D. Weber, A. H. 1973 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000031890 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000031890 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) Journal of Glaciology volume 12, issue 66, page 483-499 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 Earth-Surface Processes journal-article 1973 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000031890 2024-02-08T08:37:11Z The Workman–Reynolds effect was studied in the growth of ice on a monocrystalline seed, at constant growth rates and under steady-state conditions, from KF solutions at concentrations from 2 × 10 −5 to 10 × 10 −5 Normal. Freezing potentials increased with growth rate to a maximum of 12 V at 11.2 μ m/s. Discharge currents through a 10 5 Ω shunt generally increased with freezing rate until a maximum of 1.5 μ A at 11.2 μ m/s. The charge transfer decreased with growth rate to 200 μ C at 10.3 μ m/s and then reached a maximum of 850 μ C at 11.2 μ m/s. Apparent diffusion coefficients of about 2 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s increased slowly with growth rate until a rapid increase began, apparently associated with interface breakdown. Distribution coefficients of the order of 10 −3 , calculated from a criterion for constitutional supercooling, increased with concentration. Parameters for LeFebre’s model of the interface showed an interface thickness of about 6 mm, an interface capacitance near one-half pF/mm 2 , and an interface resistance of about 6 × 10 4 Ω/mm 2 . Several empirical relations between these quantities were disclosed. Comparison with values obtained for KC1 solutions with the same freezing cell shows that the KF solutions yielded higher values of freezing potential, charge transfer, and distribution coefficient, and lower values of diffusion coefficient, interface capacitance, and interface resistance. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Workman ENVELOPE(-65.683,-65.683,-66.392,-66.392) Journal of Glaciology 12 66 483 499 |
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Open Polar |
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Cambridge University Press |
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crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth-Surface Processes |
spellingShingle |
Earth-Surface Processes Hanley, T. O’D. Weber, A. H. Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates |
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Earth-Surface Processes |
description |
The Workman–Reynolds effect was studied in the growth of ice on a monocrystalline seed, at constant growth rates and under steady-state conditions, from KF solutions at concentrations from 2 × 10 −5 to 10 × 10 −5 Normal. Freezing potentials increased with growth rate to a maximum of 12 V at 11.2 μ m/s. Discharge currents through a 10 5 Ω shunt generally increased with freezing rate until a maximum of 1.5 μ A at 11.2 μ m/s. The charge transfer decreased with growth rate to 200 μ C at 10.3 μ m/s and then reached a maximum of 850 μ C at 11.2 μ m/s. Apparent diffusion coefficients of about 2 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s increased slowly with growth rate until a rapid increase began, apparently associated with interface breakdown. Distribution coefficients of the order of 10 −3 , calculated from a criterion for constitutional supercooling, increased with concentration. Parameters for LeFebre’s model of the interface showed an interface thickness of about 6 mm, an interface capacitance near one-half pF/mm 2 , and an interface resistance of about 6 × 10 4 Ω/mm 2 . Several empirical relations between these quantities were disclosed. Comparison with values obtained for KC1 solutions with the same freezing cell shows that the KF solutions yielded higher values of freezing potential, charge transfer, and distribution coefficient, and lower values of diffusion coefficient, interface capacitance, and interface resistance. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hanley, T. O’D. Weber, A. H. |
author_facet |
Hanley, T. O’D. Weber, A. H. |
author_sort |
Hanley, T. O’D. |
title |
Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates |
title_short |
Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates |
title_full |
Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates |
title_fullStr |
Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates |
title_full_unstemmed |
Freezing Potentials and Currents in Potassium Fluoride Solutions at Constant Growth Rates |
title_sort |
freezing potentials and currents in potassium fluoride solutions at constant growth rates |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1973 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000031890 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000031890 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-65.683,-65.683,-66.392,-66.392) |
geographic |
Workman |
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Workman |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 12, issue 66, page 483-499 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000031890 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
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12 |
container_issue |
66 |
container_start_page |
483 |
op_container_end_page |
499 |
_version_ |
1792502062106279936 |