Electrical Phenomena accompanying the Phase Change of Dilute KCl Solutions into Single Crystals of Ice

• Published in: Journal of Glaciology
• Main Authors: Osterkamp, T. E., Weber, A. H.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge University Press (CUP) 1970
• Subjects: Earth-Surface Processes; Workman; Journal of Glaciology
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000023583; https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000023583

The Workman-Reynolds effect was investigated during the phase change of dilute (about 2 × 10 -4 N) KCl solutions into single crystals of ice. The ice crystals were oriented with the c -axes either parallel or perpendicular to the growth direction. The solute distribution in the liquid phase. near the interface (within 10 mm), was obtained with a wire-type conductivity cell. For a crystal growth rate 8.8 μm/s the freezing potentials were + 10.0 V and + 6.0 V and the specific charge séparations were 1.3 ± 0 1 × 10 -6 C/g of ice and 1 4 ± 0.1 × 10 -6 C/g of ice for growth parallel and perpendicular. Respectively, to the c -axes of the ice crystals . The equilibrium solute distribution coefficient was found to be 4 × 10 -3 for KCl solutions for both crystal orientations. An “apparent” (because of convection in the liquid phase) distribution coefficient ranged from 0.031- 0.074. The “apparent” diffusion coefficients ranged from 1.3–4.9 × 10 -3 mm 2 /s and varied linearly with growth rate. The ionic distribution coefficients. K + and K - , were approximately K + - K - = - 2 × 10 -5 and K + + K - = 8 × 10 -3 for the KCl solutions.