Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches
Abstract This paper reports the present stage in our research programme. We have used two very different models : (i) A numerical model treating the avalanche as a Newtonian liquid with a free surface; this model describes qualitatively the velocity fluctuations both of avalanche particles and of th...
Published in: | Journal of Glaciology |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1980
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000011060 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000011060 |
id |
crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000011060 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000011060 2024-03-03T08:46:06+00:00 Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches Brugnot, Gerard 1980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000011060 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000011060 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) Journal of Glaciology volume 26, issue 94, page 515-516 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 Earth-Surface Processes journal-article 1980 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000011060 2024-02-08T08:42:50Z Abstract This paper reports the present stage in our research programme. We have used two very different models : (i) A numerical model treating the avalanche as a Newtonian liquid with a free surface; this model describes qualitatively the velocity fluctuations both of avalanche particles and of the front and gives some quantitative predictions, but much experimentation is needed to determine the large number of parameters involved. (ii) An analogue model in which powder avalanches have been simulated in an underground tunnel, taking account of the densimetric Froude number; this model reproduces the pressure rise which precedes the visible front, and also the pressure wave as the front passes which causes so much damage to engineering works—and human beings. These models have been applied to two cases—a bridge and a snow shed. The interplay between models and experimentation is discussed and the need for improved data on the mass output of an avalanche, of its detailed velocity history, and of the force on large objects is emphasized. Methods being used to try to supply this information are discussed gamma-ray measurements for specific mass, high-speed stereophotogrammetry for velocity, and various pressure sensors for the force. The possibility of releasing real powder avalanches to enable such measurements to be made more reliably is being investigated. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 26 94 515 516 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth-Surface Processes |
spellingShingle |
Earth-Surface Processes Brugnot, Gerard Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches |
topic_facet |
Earth-Surface Processes |
description |
Abstract This paper reports the present stage in our research programme. We have used two very different models : (i) A numerical model treating the avalanche as a Newtonian liquid with a free surface; this model describes qualitatively the velocity fluctuations both of avalanche particles and of the front and gives some quantitative predictions, but much experimentation is needed to determine the large number of parameters involved. (ii) An analogue model in which powder avalanches have been simulated in an underground tunnel, taking account of the densimetric Froude number; this model reproduces the pressure rise which precedes the visible front, and also the pressure wave as the front passes which causes so much damage to engineering works—and human beings. These models have been applied to two cases—a bridge and a snow shed. The interplay between models and experimentation is discussed and the need for improved data on the mass output of an avalanche, of its detailed velocity history, and of the force on large objects is emphasized. Methods being used to try to supply this information are discussed gamma-ray measurements for specific mass, high-speed stereophotogrammetry for velocity, and various pressure sensors for the force. The possibility of releasing real powder avalanches to enable such measurements to be made more reliably is being investigated. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brugnot, Gerard |
author_facet |
Brugnot, Gerard |
author_sort |
Brugnot, Gerard |
title |
Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches |
title_short |
Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches |
title_full |
Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches |
title_fullStr |
Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches |
title_full_unstemmed |
Recent Progress and New Applications of the Dynamics of Avalanches |
title_sort |
recent progress and new applications of the dynamics of avalanches |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1980 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000011060 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000011060 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 26, issue 94, page 515-516 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000011060 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
94 |
container_start_page |
515 |
op_container_end_page |
516 |
_version_ |
1792501988117708800 |