Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters
Abstract A method for calculation of “maximum” avalanche run–out distance based on topographic parameters only is described. 423 well–known avalanches have had their maximum extent registered. The average gradient of avalanche path (α–angle), measured between the highest point of rupture and outer e...
Published in: | Journal of Glaciology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
1980
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000010704 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000010704 |
id |
crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000010704 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crcambridgeupr:10.1017/s0022143000010704 2024-09-15T18:15:39+00:00 Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters Lied, K. Bakkehøi, K. 1980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000010704 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000010704 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) Journal of Glaciology volume 26, issue 94, page 165-177 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 journal-article 1980 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000010704 2024-08-28T04:02:55Z Abstract A method for calculation of “maximum” avalanche run–out distance based on topographic parameters only is described. 423 well–known avalanches have had their maximum extent registered. The average gradient of avalanche path (α–angle), measured between the highest point of rupture and outer end of avalanche deposit is used as description of avalanche run–out. The topographic parameters which determine α are described. A regression analysis of 111 avalanche paths based on 8 terrain parameters is performed, applying 26 independent combinations of these parameters as variables. The four best combinations of variables are used. These variables are: second derivative y ’’ of avalanche slope described by a second–degree function, average gradient of avalanche track β, total vertical displacement of the avalanche H , and gradient of rupture zone θ. The equation has a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and standard deviation of 2.3°. This relationship makes possible a fairly accurate prediction of avalanche run–out distance. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 26 94 165 177 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
op_collection_id |
crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract A method for calculation of “maximum” avalanche run–out distance based on topographic parameters only is described. 423 well–known avalanches have had their maximum extent registered. The average gradient of avalanche path (α–angle), measured between the highest point of rupture and outer end of avalanche deposit is used as description of avalanche run–out. The topographic parameters which determine α are described. A regression analysis of 111 avalanche paths based on 8 terrain parameters is performed, applying 26 independent combinations of these parameters as variables. The four best combinations of variables are used. These variables are: second derivative y ’’ of avalanche slope described by a second–degree function, average gradient of avalanche track β, total vertical displacement of the avalanche H , and gradient of rupture zone θ. The equation has a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and standard deviation of 2.3°. This relationship makes possible a fairly accurate prediction of avalanche run–out distance. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lied, K. Bakkehøi, K. |
spellingShingle |
Lied, K. Bakkehøi, K. Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters |
author_facet |
Lied, K. Bakkehøi, K. |
author_sort |
Lied, K. |
title |
Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters |
title_short |
Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters |
title_full |
Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters |
title_fullStr |
Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Empirical Calculations of Snow–Avalanche Run–out Distance Based on Topographic Parameters |
title_sort |
empirical calculations of snow–avalanche run–out distance based on topographic parameters |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
1980 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000010704 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143000010704 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 26, issue 94, page 165-177 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000010704 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
94 |
container_start_page |
165 |
op_container_end_page |
177 |
_version_ |
1810453548094193664 |