Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core
Abstract Evaluating synchronies between climate and cultural changes is a prerequisite for addressing the possible effect of environmental changes on human populations. Searching for synchronies during the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition (ca. 48–36 ka) is hampered by the limits of radiocarbon da...
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/qua.2022.21 2024-09-09T19:57:24+00:00 Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core Fourcade, Tiffanie Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda Lahaye, Christelle Rossignol, Linda Philippe, Anne 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2022.21 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033589422000217 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Quaternary Research volume 110, page 147-164 ISSN 0033-5894 1096-0287 journal-article 2022 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2022.21 2024-06-19T04:03:15Z Abstract Evaluating synchronies between climate and cultural changes is a prerequisite for addressing the possible effect of environmental changes on human populations. Searching for synchronies during the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition (ca. 48–36 ka) is hampered by the limits of radiocarbon dating techniques and the large chronological uncertainties affecting the archaeological and paleoclimatic records, as well by their low temporal resolution. Here, we present a high-resolution, pollen-based vegetation record from the Bay of Biscay, sea surface temperature changes, additional 14 C ages, and a new IRSL date on the fine-sediment fraction of Heinrich Stadial (HS) 6. The IRSL measurements give an age of ca. 54.0 ± 3.4 ka. The paleoclimatic results reveal a succession of rapid climatic changes during the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition in SW France (i.e. D-O 12–8 and two distinct climatic phases during HS 4). Comparison of the new paleoclimatic record with chronologically well-constrained regional archaeological changes shows that no synchronies exist between cultural transitions and environmental changes. The disappearance of Neanderthals and the arrival of Homo sapiens in SW France encompassed a long-term forest opening, suggesting that Homo sapiens may have progressively replaced Neanderthals from D-O 10 to HS 4 through competition for the same ecological niches. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Cambridge University Press Quaternary Research 1 18 |
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English |
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Abstract Evaluating synchronies between climate and cultural changes is a prerequisite for addressing the possible effect of environmental changes on human populations. Searching for synchronies during the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition (ca. 48–36 ka) is hampered by the limits of radiocarbon dating techniques and the large chronological uncertainties affecting the archaeological and paleoclimatic records, as well by their low temporal resolution. Here, we present a high-resolution, pollen-based vegetation record from the Bay of Biscay, sea surface temperature changes, additional 14 C ages, and a new IRSL date on the fine-sediment fraction of Heinrich Stadial (HS) 6. The IRSL measurements give an age of ca. 54.0 ± 3.4 ka. The paleoclimatic results reveal a succession of rapid climatic changes during the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition in SW France (i.e. D-O 12–8 and two distinct climatic phases during HS 4). Comparison of the new paleoclimatic record with chronologically well-constrained regional archaeological changes shows that no synchronies exist between cultural transitions and environmental changes. The disappearance of Neanderthals and the arrival of Homo sapiens in SW France encompassed a long-term forest opening, suggesting that Homo sapiens may have progressively replaced Neanderthals from D-O 10 to HS 4 through competition for the same ecological niches. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fourcade, Tiffanie Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda Lahaye, Christelle Rossignol, Linda Philippe, Anne |
spellingShingle |
Fourcade, Tiffanie Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda Lahaye, Christelle Rossignol, Linda Philippe, Anne Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core |
author_facet |
Fourcade, Tiffanie Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda Lahaye, Christelle Rossignol, Linda Philippe, Anne |
author_sort |
Fourcade, Tiffanie |
title |
Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core |
title_short |
Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core |
title_full |
Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core |
title_fullStr |
Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental changes in SW France during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern North Atlantic deep-sea core |
title_sort |
environmental changes in sw france during the middle to upper paleolithic transition from the pollen analysis of an eastern north atlantic deep-sea core |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2022.21 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0033589422000217 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Quaternary Research volume 110, page 147-164 ISSN 0033-5894 1096-0287 |
op_rights |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2022.21 |
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Quaternary Research |
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1 |
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18 |
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1809928322659909632 |