Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change
Abstract Understanding current and future biodiversity responses to changing climate is pivotal as anthropogenic climate change continues. This understanding is complicated by the multitude of available metrics to quantify dynamics and by biased sampling protocols. Here, we investigate the impact of...
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
2022
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2022.24 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0094837322000240 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/pab.2022.24 2024-03-03T08:47:08+00:00 Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change Kearns, L. E. Bohaty, S. M. Edgar, K. M. Ezard, T. H. G. Natural Environment Research Council Natural Environment Research Council 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2022.24 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0094837322000240 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Paleobiology volume 49, issue 1, page 77-98 ISSN 0094-8373 1938-5331 Paleontology General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2022 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/pab.2022.24 2024-02-08T08:42:23Z Abstract Understanding current and future biodiversity responses to changing climate is pivotal as anthropogenic climate change continues. This understanding is complicated by the multitude of available metrics to quantify dynamics and by biased sampling protocols. Here, we investigate the impact of sampling protocol strategies using a data-rich fossil record to calculate effective diversity using Hill numbers for the first time on Paleogene planktonic foraminifera. We sample 22,830 individual tests, in two different size classes, across a 7 Myr time slice of the middle Eocene featuring a major transient warming event, the middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO; ~40 Ma), at study sites in the midlatitude North Atlantic. Using generalized additive models, we investigate community responses to climatic fluctuations. After correcting for any effects of fossil fragmentation, we show a peak in generic diversity in the early and middle stages of the MECO as well as divergent trajectories between the typical size-selected community (>180 μm) and a broader assemblage, including smaller genera (>63 μm). Assemblages featuring smaller genera are more resilient to the climatic fluctuations of the MECO than those assemblages that feature only larger genera, maintaining their community structure at the reference Hill numbers for Shannon's and Simpson's indices. These results raise fundamental questions about how communities respond to climate excursions. In addition, our results emphasize the need to design studies with the aim of collecting the most inclusive data possible to allow detection of community changes and determine which species are likely to dominate future environments. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera Cambridge University Press Paleobiology 1 22 |
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Open Polar |
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Cambridge University Press |
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crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
topic |
Paleontology General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
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Paleontology General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Kearns, L. E. Bohaty, S. M. Edgar, K. M. Ezard, T. H. G. Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change |
topic_facet |
Paleontology General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Abstract Understanding current and future biodiversity responses to changing climate is pivotal as anthropogenic climate change continues. This understanding is complicated by the multitude of available metrics to quantify dynamics and by biased sampling protocols. Here, we investigate the impact of sampling protocol strategies using a data-rich fossil record to calculate effective diversity using Hill numbers for the first time on Paleogene planktonic foraminifera. We sample 22,830 individual tests, in two different size classes, across a 7 Myr time slice of the middle Eocene featuring a major transient warming event, the middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO; ~40 Ma), at study sites in the midlatitude North Atlantic. Using generalized additive models, we investigate community responses to climatic fluctuations. After correcting for any effects of fossil fragmentation, we show a peak in generic diversity in the early and middle stages of the MECO as well as divergent trajectories between the typical size-selected community (>180 μm) and a broader assemblage, including smaller genera (>63 μm). Assemblages featuring smaller genera are more resilient to the climatic fluctuations of the MECO than those assemblages that feature only larger genera, maintaining their community structure at the reference Hill numbers for Shannon's and Simpson's indices. These results raise fundamental questions about how communities respond to climate excursions. In addition, our results emphasize the need to design studies with the aim of collecting the most inclusive data possible to allow detection of community changes and determine which species are likely to dominate future environments. |
author2 |
Natural Environment Research Council Natural Environment Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kearns, L. E. Bohaty, S. M. Edgar, K. M. Ezard, T. H. G. |
author_facet |
Kearns, L. E. Bohaty, S. M. Edgar, K. M. Ezard, T. H. G. |
author_sort |
Kearns, L. E. |
title |
Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change |
title_short |
Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change |
title_full |
Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change |
title_fullStr |
Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle Eocene climate change |
title_sort |
small but mighty: how overlooked small species maintain community structure through middle eocene climate change |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2022.24 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0094837322000240 |
genre |
North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera |
op_source |
Paleobiology volume 49, issue 1, page 77-98 ISSN 0094-8373 1938-5331 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/pab.2022.24 |
container_title |
Paleobiology |
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1 |
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22 |
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1792503276698075136 |