Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017
Abstract Current sea-level rise partly stems from increased surface melting and meltwater runoff from the Greenland ice sheet. Multi-year snow, also known as firn, covers about 80% of the ice sheet and retains part of the surface meltwater. Since the firn cold content integrates its physical and the...
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Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
2020
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.30 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143020000301 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/jog.2020.30 2024-05-19T07:41:15+00:00 Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 Vandecrux, B. Fausto, R. S. van As, D. Colgan, W. Langen, P. L. Haubner, K. Ingeman-Nielsen, T. Heilig, A. Stevens, C. M. MacFerrin, M. Niwano, M. Steffen, K. Box, J.E. 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.30 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143020000301 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Journal of Glaciology volume 66, issue 258, page 591-602 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 journal-article 2020 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.30 2024-05-02T06:51:08Z Abstract Current sea-level rise partly stems from increased surface melting and meltwater runoff from the Greenland ice sheet. Multi-year snow, also known as firn, covers about 80% of the ice sheet and retains part of the surface meltwater. Since the firn cold content integrates its physical and thermal characteristics, it is a valuable tool for determining the meltwater-retention potential of firn. We use gap-filled climatological data from nine automatic weather stations in the ice-sheet accumulation area to drive a surface-energy-budget and firn model, validated against firn density and temperature observations, over the 1998–2017 period. Our results show a stable top 20 m firn cold content (CC 20 ) at most sites. Only at the lower-elevation Dye-2 site did CC 20 decrease, by 24% in 2012, before recovering to its original value by 2017. Heat conduction towards the surface is the main process feeding CC 20 at all nine sites, while CC 20 reduction occurs through low-cold-content fresh-snow addition at the surface during snowfall and latent-heat release when meltwater refreezes. Our simulations suggest that firn densification, while reducing pore space for meltwater retention, increases the firn cold content, enhances near-surface meltwater refreezing and potentially sets favourable conditions for ice-slab formation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Ice Sheet Journal of Glaciology Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 66 258 591 602 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
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crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Current sea-level rise partly stems from increased surface melting and meltwater runoff from the Greenland ice sheet. Multi-year snow, also known as firn, covers about 80% of the ice sheet and retains part of the surface meltwater. Since the firn cold content integrates its physical and thermal characteristics, it is a valuable tool for determining the meltwater-retention potential of firn. We use gap-filled climatological data from nine automatic weather stations in the ice-sheet accumulation area to drive a surface-energy-budget and firn model, validated against firn density and temperature observations, over the 1998–2017 period. Our results show a stable top 20 m firn cold content (CC 20 ) at most sites. Only at the lower-elevation Dye-2 site did CC 20 decrease, by 24% in 2012, before recovering to its original value by 2017. Heat conduction towards the surface is the main process feeding CC 20 at all nine sites, while CC 20 reduction occurs through low-cold-content fresh-snow addition at the surface during snowfall and latent-heat release when meltwater refreezes. Our simulations suggest that firn densification, while reducing pore space for meltwater retention, increases the firn cold content, enhances near-surface meltwater refreezing and potentially sets favourable conditions for ice-slab formation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vandecrux, B. Fausto, R. S. van As, D. Colgan, W. Langen, P. L. Haubner, K. Ingeman-Nielsen, T. Heilig, A. Stevens, C. M. MacFerrin, M. Niwano, M. Steffen, K. Box, J.E. |
spellingShingle |
Vandecrux, B. Fausto, R. S. van As, D. Colgan, W. Langen, P. L. Haubner, K. Ingeman-Nielsen, T. Heilig, A. Stevens, C. M. MacFerrin, M. Niwano, M. Steffen, K. Box, J.E. Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
author_facet |
Vandecrux, B. Fausto, R. S. van As, D. Colgan, W. Langen, P. L. Haubner, K. Ingeman-Nielsen, T. Heilig, A. Stevens, C. M. MacFerrin, M. Niwano, M. Steffen, K. Box, J.E. |
author_sort |
Vandecrux, B. |
title |
Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
title_short |
Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
title_full |
Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
title_fullStr |
Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
title_sort |
firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.30 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143020000301 |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 66, issue 258, page 591-602 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.30 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
66 |
container_issue |
258 |
container_start_page |
591 |
op_container_end_page |
602 |
_version_ |
1799480844637700096 |