Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance
Abstract Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass-balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciologica...
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Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press (CUP)
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.66 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143019000662 |
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crcambridgeupr:10.1017/jog.2019.66 2024-09-30T14:35:20+00:00 Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance O'Neel, Shad McNeil, Christopher Sass, Louis C. Florentine, Caitlyn Baker, Emily H. Peitzsch, Erich McGrath, Daniel Fountain, Andrew G. Fagre, Daniel 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.66 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143019000662 en eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Glaciology volume 65, issue 253, page 850-866 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 journal-article 2019 crcambridgeupr https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.66 2024-09-18T04:03:37Z Abstract Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass-balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciological measurements are mixed or inconsistent. To address this problem, we reanalyzed and compared long-term mass-balance records from the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers. These five glaciers span maritime and continental climate regimes of the western United States and Alaska. Each glacier exhibits cumulative mass loss since the mid-20th century, with average rates ranging from −0.58 to −0.30 m w.e. a −1 . We produced a set of solutions using different extrapolation and calibration methods to inform uncertainty estimates, which range from 0.22 to 0.44 m w.e. a −1 . Mass losses are primarily driven by increasing summer warming. Continentality exerts a stronger control on mass loss than latitude. Similar to elevation, topographic shading, snow redistribution and glacier surface features often exert important mass-balance controls. The reanalysis underscores the value of geodetic calibration to resolve mass-balance magnitude, as well as the irreplaceable value of direct measurements in contributing to the process-based understanding of glacier mass balance. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier glaciers Journal of Glaciology Alaska Cambridge University Press Journal of Glaciology 65 253 850 866 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Cambridge University Press |
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crcambridgeupr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass-balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciological measurements are mixed or inconsistent. To address this problem, we reanalyzed and compared long-term mass-balance records from the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers. These five glaciers span maritime and continental climate regimes of the western United States and Alaska. Each glacier exhibits cumulative mass loss since the mid-20th century, with average rates ranging from −0.58 to −0.30 m w.e. a −1 . We produced a set of solutions using different extrapolation and calibration methods to inform uncertainty estimates, which range from 0.22 to 0.44 m w.e. a −1 . Mass losses are primarily driven by increasing summer warming. Continentality exerts a stronger control on mass loss than latitude. Similar to elevation, topographic shading, snow redistribution and glacier surface features often exert important mass-balance controls. The reanalysis underscores the value of geodetic calibration to resolve mass-balance magnitude, as well as the irreplaceable value of direct measurements in contributing to the process-based understanding of glacier mass balance. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
O'Neel, Shad McNeil, Christopher Sass, Louis C. Florentine, Caitlyn Baker, Emily H. Peitzsch, Erich McGrath, Daniel Fountain, Andrew G. Fagre, Daniel |
spellingShingle |
O'Neel, Shad McNeil, Christopher Sass, Louis C. Florentine, Caitlyn Baker, Emily H. Peitzsch, Erich McGrath, Daniel Fountain, Andrew G. Fagre, Daniel Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
author_facet |
O'Neel, Shad McNeil, Christopher Sass, Louis C. Florentine, Caitlyn Baker, Emily H. Peitzsch, Erich McGrath, Daniel Fountain, Andrew G. Fagre, Daniel |
author_sort |
O'Neel, Shad |
title |
Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
title_short |
Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
title_full |
Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
title_fullStr |
Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reanalysis of the US Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
title_sort |
reanalysis of the us geological survey benchmark glaciers: long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.66 https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143019000662 |
genre |
glacier glaciers Journal of Glaciology Alaska |
genre_facet |
glacier glaciers Journal of Glaciology Alaska |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology volume 65, issue 253, page 850-866 ISSN 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.66 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
65 |
container_issue |
253 |
container_start_page |
850 |
op_container_end_page |
866 |
_version_ |
1811638640804102144 |