Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) virus is the cause of infectious salmon anemia in farmed Atlantic salmon. The virus has been shown to contain RNA with structural characteristics similar to those of accepted members of the Orthomyxoviridae. Further biochemical, physiochemical, and morphological charac...
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American Society for Microbiology
1997
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 2024-06-23T07:51:21+00:00 Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) Falk, K Namork, E Rimstad, E Mjaaland, S Dannevig, B H 1997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Journal of Virology volume 71, issue 12, page 9016-9023 ISSN 0022-538X 1098-5514 journal-article 1997 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 2024-06-10T04:07:11Z Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) virus is the cause of infectious salmon anemia in farmed Atlantic salmon. The virus has been shown to contain RNA with structural characteristics similar to those of accepted members of the Orthomyxoviridae. Further biochemical, physiochemical, and morphological characterization of ISA virus was undertaken to clarify its taxonomic position. The virus was found to be sensitive to chloroform, heat, and low pH and agglutinated erythrocytes from fish. Erythrocytes from mammals or birds were not agglutinated. Receptor-destroying enzyme activity was detected, and the nature of this enzyme was suggested to be an acetylesterase. The buoyant density of the virus was 1.18 g/ml in sucrose and CsCl gradients. The maximum rate of virus replication was observed at 15 degrees C, while no virus was produced at 25 degrees C. Actinomycin D inhibited viral replication, and viral antigen was detected in nuclei by immunofluorescence. The addition of trypsin to the culture medium during virus replication had a beneficial effect on virus replication. ISA virus contains four major polypeptides with estimated molecular sizes of 71, 53, 43, and 24 kDa. Electron microscopy revealed structures closely resembling the nucleocapsids of influenza virus. Mushroom-shaped surface projections were a distinctive morphological feature, which differed from the rod-shaped hemagglutinin projections of the influenza viruses. The data reported here support the relationship of ISA virus to the Orthomyxoviridae, although ISA virus differs from influenza viruses in some morphological characteristics and in showing restricted hemagglutination, in different specificity of the receptor-destroying enzyme, in different polypeptide profile, in being unable to replicate at temperatures above 25 degrees C, and in host range. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Journal of Virology 71 12 9016 9023 |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
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crasmicro |
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English |
description |
Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) virus is the cause of infectious salmon anemia in farmed Atlantic salmon. The virus has been shown to contain RNA with structural characteristics similar to those of accepted members of the Orthomyxoviridae. Further biochemical, physiochemical, and morphological characterization of ISA virus was undertaken to clarify its taxonomic position. The virus was found to be sensitive to chloroform, heat, and low pH and agglutinated erythrocytes from fish. Erythrocytes from mammals or birds were not agglutinated. Receptor-destroying enzyme activity was detected, and the nature of this enzyme was suggested to be an acetylesterase. The buoyant density of the virus was 1.18 g/ml in sucrose and CsCl gradients. The maximum rate of virus replication was observed at 15 degrees C, while no virus was produced at 25 degrees C. Actinomycin D inhibited viral replication, and viral antigen was detected in nuclei by immunofluorescence. The addition of trypsin to the culture medium during virus replication had a beneficial effect on virus replication. ISA virus contains four major polypeptides with estimated molecular sizes of 71, 53, 43, and 24 kDa. Electron microscopy revealed structures closely resembling the nucleocapsids of influenza virus. Mushroom-shaped surface projections were a distinctive morphological feature, which differed from the rod-shaped hemagglutinin projections of the influenza viruses. The data reported here support the relationship of ISA virus to the Orthomyxoviridae, although ISA virus differs from influenza viruses in some morphological characteristics and in showing restricted hemagglutination, in different specificity of the receptor-destroying enzyme, in different polypeptide profile, in being unable to replicate at temperatures above 25 degrees C, and in host range. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Falk, K Namork, E Rimstad, E Mjaaland, S Dannevig, B H |
spellingShingle |
Falk, K Namork, E Rimstad, E Mjaaland, S Dannevig, B H Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
author_facet |
Falk, K Namork, E Rimstad, E Mjaaland, S Dannevig, B H |
author_sort |
Falk, K |
title |
Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_short |
Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_full |
Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) |
title_sort |
characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus, an orthomyxo-like virus isolated from atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Journal of Virology volume 71, issue 12, page 9016-9023 ISSN 0022-538X 1098-5514 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.71.12.9016-9023.1997 |
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Journal of Virology |
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71 |
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12 |
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9016 |
op_container_end_page |
9023 |
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1802642418466553856 |