Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons
ABSTRACT In 1996, a disease outbreak occurred at a captive breeding facility in Idaho, causing anorexia, dehydration, and diarrhea or sudden death in 72 of 110 Northern aplomado falcons ( Falco femoralis septentrionalis ) from 9 to 35 days of age and in 6 of 102 peregrine falcons ( Falco peregrinus...
Published in: | Journal of Clinical Microbiology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.43.7.3402-3413.2005 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.43.7.3402-3413.2005 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/jcm.43.7.3402-3413.2005 2024-10-06T13:48:28+00:00 Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons Schrenzel, Mark Oaks, J. Lindsay Rotstein, Dave Maalouf, Gabriel Snook, Eric Sandfort, Cal Rideout, Bruce 2005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.43.7.3402-3413.2005 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.43.7.3402-3413.2005 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Journal of Clinical Microbiology volume 43, issue 7, page 3402-3413 ISSN 0095-1137 1098-660X journal-article 2005 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.43.7.3402-3413.2005 2024-09-09T04:16:18Z ABSTRACT In 1996, a disease outbreak occurred at a captive breeding facility in Idaho, causing anorexia, dehydration, and diarrhea or sudden death in 72 of 110 Northern aplomado falcons ( Falco femoralis septentrionalis ) from 9 to 35 days of age and in 6 of 102 peregrine falcons ( Falco peregrinus ) from 14 to 25 days of age. Sixty-two Northern aplomado and six peregrine falcons died. Epidemiologic analyses indicated a point source epizootic, horizontal transmission, and increased relative risk associated with cross-species brooding of eggs. Primary lesions in affected birds were inclusion body hepatitis, splenomegaly, and enteritis. The etiology in all mortalities was determined by molecular analyses to be a new species of adenovirus distantly related to the group I avian viruses, serotypes 1 and 4, Aviadenovirus . In situ hybridization and PCR demonstrated that the virus was epitheliotropic and lymphotropic and that infection was systemic in the majority of animals. Adeno-associated virus was also detected by PCR in most affected falcons, but no other infectious agents or predisposing factors were found in any birds. Subsequent to the 1996 epizootic, a similar disease caused by the same adenovirus was found over a 5-year period in orange-breasted falcons ( Falco deiroleucus ), teita falcons ( Falco fasciinucha ), a merlin ( Falco columbarius ), a Vanuatu peregrine falcon ( Falco peregrinus nesiotes ), and gyrfalcon × peregrine falcon hybrids ( Falco rusticolus / peregrinus ) that died in Wyoming, Oklahoma, Minnesota, and California. These findings indicate that this newly recognized adenovirus is widespread in western and midwestern North America and can be a primary pathogen in different falcon species. Article in Journal/Newspaper Falco peregrinus Falco rusticolus gyrfalcon peregrine falcon ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Journal of Clinical Microbiology 43 7 3402 3413 |
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Open Polar |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
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crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT In 1996, a disease outbreak occurred at a captive breeding facility in Idaho, causing anorexia, dehydration, and diarrhea or sudden death in 72 of 110 Northern aplomado falcons ( Falco femoralis septentrionalis ) from 9 to 35 days of age and in 6 of 102 peregrine falcons ( Falco peregrinus ) from 14 to 25 days of age. Sixty-two Northern aplomado and six peregrine falcons died. Epidemiologic analyses indicated a point source epizootic, horizontal transmission, and increased relative risk associated with cross-species brooding of eggs. Primary lesions in affected birds were inclusion body hepatitis, splenomegaly, and enteritis. The etiology in all mortalities was determined by molecular analyses to be a new species of adenovirus distantly related to the group I avian viruses, serotypes 1 and 4, Aviadenovirus . In situ hybridization and PCR demonstrated that the virus was epitheliotropic and lymphotropic and that infection was systemic in the majority of animals. Adeno-associated virus was also detected by PCR in most affected falcons, but no other infectious agents or predisposing factors were found in any birds. Subsequent to the 1996 epizootic, a similar disease caused by the same adenovirus was found over a 5-year period in orange-breasted falcons ( Falco deiroleucus ), teita falcons ( Falco fasciinucha ), a merlin ( Falco columbarius ), a Vanuatu peregrine falcon ( Falco peregrinus nesiotes ), and gyrfalcon × peregrine falcon hybrids ( Falco rusticolus / peregrinus ) that died in Wyoming, Oklahoma, Minnesota, and California. These findings indicate that this newly recognized adenovirus is widespread in western and midwestern North America and can be a primary pathogen in different falcon species. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schrenzel, Mark Oaks, J. Lindsay Rotstein, Dave Maalouf, Gabriel Snook, Eric Sandfort, Cal Rideout, Bruce |
spellingShingle |
Schrenzel, Mark Oaks, J. Lindsay Rotstein, Dave Maalouf, Gabriel Snook, Eric Sandfort, Cal Rideout, Bruce Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons |
author_facet |
Schrenzel, Mark Oaks, J. Lindsay Rotstein, Dave Maalouf, Gabriel Snook, Eric Sandfort, Cal Rideout, Bruce |
author_sort |
Schrenzel, Mark |
title |
Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons |
title_short |
Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons |
title_full |
Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of a New Species of Adenovirus in Falcons |
title_sort |
characterization of a new species of adenovirus in falcons |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.43.7.3402-3413.2005 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.43.7.3402-3413.2005 |
genre |
Falco peregrinus Falco rusticolus gyrfalcon peregrine falcon |
genre_facet |
Falco peregrinus Falco rusticolus gyrfalcon peregrine falcon |
op_source |
Journal of Clinical Microbiology volume 43, issue 7, page 3402-3413 ISSN 0095-1137 1098-660X |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.43.7.3402-3413.2005 |
container_title |
Journal of Clinical Microbiology |
container_volume |
43 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3402 |
op_container_end_page |
3413 |
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1812176586327195648 |