Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer
ABSTRACT An outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) occurred in semidomesticated reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) in Troms County, Norway, in February 2009. Twenty-eight animals with clinical symptoms and 12 apparently healthy animals were investigated. They ranged in age from calve...
Published in: | Journal of Clinical Microbiology |
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crasmicro:10.1128/jcm.01198-09 2024-09-15T18:31:47+00:00 Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer Tryland, Morten Das Neves, Carlos G. Sunde, Marianne Mørk, Torill 2009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01198-09 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.01198-09 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Journal of Clinical Microbiology volume 47, issue 11, page 3707-3713 ISSN 0095-1137 1098-660X journal-article 2009 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01198-09 2024-08-26T04:06:10Z ABSTRACT An outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) occurred in semidomesticated reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) in Troms County, Norway, in February 2009. Twenty-eight animals with clinical symptoms and 12 apparently healthy animals were investigated. They ranged in age from calves of the year to 4-year-old animals (mean, 1.9 years; standard deviation, ±0.9). The seroprevalence of antibodies against cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) was 86% in animals with IKC and 42% in unaffected animals. For the 28 clinically affected animals, CvHV2 was detected by PCR in swabs obtained from the eye (82%), nose (64%), and vagina (24%), and CvHV2 was isolated from eye swabs from 8 animals. Virus was not isolated from clinically unaffected animals but was detected by PCR in eye swab samples from five of them. The viral activity, assessed by the ability to cause a cytopathic effect in cell culture, increased with the severity of clinical symptoms, but in severe clinical cases, virus was absent and secondary bacterial infections were dominant. Moraxella sp. isolates were obtained from seven animals, and those from two animals were identified as Moraxella bovoculi. Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus sp., and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were also isolated. It is concluded that CvHV2, which is endemic in reindeer, can cause IKC, probably most commonly as a primary infection of calves. This can be a very painful and devastating disease of economic importance for reindeer herders. This is the first report of CvHV2 as the primary agent of IKC in reindeer. This is also the first isolation of this virus in reindeer under natural herding conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Rangifer tarandus Troms ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Journal of Clinical Microbiology 47 11 3707 3713 |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
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crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT An outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) occurred in semidomesticated reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) in Troms County, Norway, in February 2009. Twenty-eight animals with clinical symptoms and 12 apparently healthy animals were investigated. They ranged in age from calves of the year to 4-year-old animals (mean, 1.9 years; standard deviation, ±0.9). The seroprevalence of antibodies against cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) was 86% in animals with IKC and 42% in unaffected animals. For the 28 clinically affected animals, CvHV2 was detected by PCR in swabs obtained from the eye (82%), nose (64%), and vagina (24%), and CvHV2 was isolated from eye swabs from 8 animals. Virus was not isolated from clinically unaffected animals but was detected by PCR in eye swab samples from five of them. The viral activity, assessed by the ability to cause a cytopathic effect in cell culture, increased with the severity of clinical symptoms, but in severe clinical cases, virus was absent and secondary bacterial infections were dominant. Moraxella sp. isolates were obtained from seven animals, and those from two animals were identified as Moraxella bovoculi. Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus sp., and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were also isolated. It is concluded that CvHV2, which is endemic in reindeer, can cause IKC, probably most commonly as a primary infection of calves. This can be a very painful and devastating disease of economic importance for reindeer herders. This is the first report of CvHV2 as the primary agent of IKC in reindeer. This is also the first isolation of this virus in reindeer under natural herding conditions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tryland, Morten Das Neves, Carlos G. Sunde, Marianne Mørk, Torill |
spellingShingle |
Tryland, Morten Das Neves, Carlos G. Sunde, Marianne Mørk, Torill Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer |
author_facet |
Tryland, Morten Das Neves, Carlos G. Sunde, Marianne Mørk, Torill |
author_sort |
Tryland, Morten |
title |
Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer |
title_short |
Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer |
title_full |
Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer |
title_fullStr |
Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cervid Herpesvirus 2, the Primary Agent in an Outbreak of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Semidomesticated Reindeer |
title_sort |
cervid herpesvirus 2, the primary agent in an outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis in semidomesticated reindeer |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01198-09 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.01198-09 |
genre |
Rangifer tarandus Troms |
genre_facet |
Rangifer tarandus Troms |
op_source |
Journal of Clinical Microbiology volume 47, issue 11, page 3707-3713 ISSN 0095-1137 1098-660X |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01198-09 |
container_title |
Journal of Clinical Microbiology |
container_volume |
47 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
3707 |
op_container_end_page |
3713 |
_version_ |
1810473533335142400 |