Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment
ABSTRACT 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone library analysis was conducted to assess prokaryotic diversity and community structural changes within a surficial sediment core obtained from an Antarctic continental shelf area (depth, 761 m) within the Mertz Glacier Polynya (MGP) region. Libraries were crea...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.5.2463-2483.2003 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.69.5.2463-2483.2003 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/aem.69.5.2463-2483.2003 2024-10-06T13:43:50+00:00 Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment Bowman, John P. McCuaig, Robert D. 2003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.5.2463-2483.2003 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.69.5.2463-2483.2003 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 69, issue 5, page 2463-2483 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 2003 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.5.2463-2483.2003 2024-09-17T04:07:53Z ABSTRACT 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone library analysis was conducted to assess prokaryotic diversity and community structural changes within a surficial sediment core obtained from an Antarctic continental shelf area (depth, 761 m) within the Mertz Glacier Polynya (MGP) region. Libraries were created from three separate horizons of the core (0- to 0.4-cm, 1.5- to 2.5-cm, and 20- to 21-cm depth positions). The results indicated that at the oxic sediment surface (depth, 0 to 0.4 cm) the microbial community appeared to be dominated by a small subset of potentially r -strategist (fast-growing, opportunistic) species, resulting in a lower-than-expected species richness of 442 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). At a depth of 1.5 to 2.5 cm, the species richness (1,128 OTUs) was much higher, with the community dominated by numerous gamma and delta proteobacterial phylotypes. At a depth of 20 to 21 cm, a clear decline in species richness (541 OTUs) occurred, accompanied by a larger number of more phylogenetically divergent phylotypes and a decline in the predominance of Proteobacteria . Based on rRNA and clonal abundance as well as sequence comparisons, syntrophic cycling of oxidized and reduced sulfur compounds appeared to be the dominant process in surficial MGP sediment, as phylotype groups putatively linked to these processes made up a large proportion of clones throughout the core. Between 18 and 65% of 16S rDNA phylotypes detected in a wide range of coastal and open ocean sediments possessed high levels of sequence similarity (>95%) with the MGP sediment phylotypes, indicating that many sediment prokaryote phylotype groups defined in this study are ubiquitous in marine sediment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Mertz Glacier ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Antarctic Mertz Glacier ENVELOPE(144.500,144.500,-67.667,-67.667) Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69 5 2463 2483 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
op_collection_id |
crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone library analysis was conducted to assess prokaryotic diversity and community structural changes within a surficial sediment core obtained from an Antarctic continental shelf area (depth, 761 m) within the Mertz Glacier Polynya (MGP) region. Libraries were created from three separate horizons of the core (0- to 0.4-cm, 1.5- to 2.5-cm, and 20- to 21-cm depth positions). The results indicated that at the oxic sediment surface (depth, 0 to 0.4 cm) the microbial community appeared to be dominated by a small subset of potentially r -strategist (fast-growing, opportunistic) species, resulting in a lower-than-expected species richness of 442 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). At a depth of 1.5 to 2.5 cm, the species richness (1,128 OTUs) was much higher, with the community dominated by numerous gamma and delta proteobacterial phylotypes. At a depth of 20 to 21 cm, a clear decline in species richness (541 OTUs) occurred, accompanied by a larger number of more phylogenetically divergent phylotypes and a decline in the predominance of Proteobacteria . Based on rRNA and clonal abundance as well as sequence comparisons, syntrophic cycling of oxidized and reduced sulfur compounds appeared to be the dominant process in surficial MGP sediment, as phylotype groups putatively linked to these processes made up a large proportion of clones throughout the core. Between 18 and 65% of 16S rDNA phylotypes detected in a wide range of coastal and open ocean sediments possessed high levels of sequence similarity (>95%) with the MGP sediment phylotypes, indicating that many sediment prokaryote phylotype groups defined in this study are ubiquitous in marine sediment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bowman, John P. McCuaig, Robert D. |
spellingShingle |
Bowman, John P. McCuaig, Robert D. Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment |
author_facet |
Bowman, John P. McCuaig, Robert D. |
author_sort |
Bowman, John P. |
title |
Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment |
title_short |
Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment |
title_full |
Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment |
title_fullStr |
Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biodiversity, Community Structural Shifts, and Biogeography of Prokaryotes within Antarctic Continental Shelf Sediment |
title_sort |
biodiversity, community structural shifts, and biogeography of prokaryotes within antarctic continental shelf sediment |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2003 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.5.2463-2483.2003 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.69.5.2463-2483.2003 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(144.500,144.500,-67.667,-67.667) |
geographic |
Antarctic Mertz Glacier |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Mertz Glacier |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Mertz Glacier |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Mertz Glacier |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 69, issue 5, page 2463-2483 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.5.2463-2483.2003 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
69 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
2463 |
op_container_end_page |
2483 |
_version_ |
1812182321807228928 |