Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments
ABSTRACT The community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) of a marine Arctic sediment (Smeerenburgfjorden, Svalbard) was characterized by both fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and rRNA slot blot hybridization by using group- and genus-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide pro...
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crasmicro:10.1128/aem.66.8.3592-3602.2000 2024-09-09T19:24:37+00:00 Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments Ravenschlag, Katrin Sahm, Kerstin Knoblauch, Christian Jørgensen, Bo B. Amann, Rudolf 2000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3592-3602.2000 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.66.8.3592-3602.2000 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 66, issue 8, page 3592-3602 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 2000 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3592-3602.2000 2024-06-17T04:07:42Z ABSTRACT The community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) of a marine Arctic sediment (Smeerenburgfjorden, Svalbard) was characterized by both fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and rRNA slot blot hybridization by using group- and genus-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. The SRB community was dominated by members of the Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus group. This group accounted for up to 73% of the SRB detected and up to 70% of the SRB rRNA detected. The predominance was shown to be a common feature for different stations along the coast of Svalbard. In a top-to-bottom approach we aimed to further resolve the composition of this large group of SRB by using probes for cultivated genera. While this approach failed, directed cloning of probe-targeted genes encoding 16S rRNA was successful and resulted in sequences which were all affiliated with the Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus group. A group of clone sequences (group SVAL1) most closely related to Desulfosarcina variabilis (91.2% sequence similarity) was dominant and was shown to be most abundant in situ, accounting for up to 54.8% of the total SRB detected. A comparison of the two methods used for quantification showed that FISH and rRNA slot blot hybridization gave comparable results. Furthermore, a combination of the two methods allowed us to calculate specific cellular rRNA contents with respect to localization in the sediment profile. The rRNA contents of Desulfosarcina - Desulfococcus cells were highest in the first 5 mm of the sediment (0.9 and 1.4 fg, respectively) and decreased steeply with depth, indicating that maximal metabolic activity occurred close to the surface. Based on SRB cell numbers, cellular sulfate reduction rates were calculated. The rates were highest in the surface layer (0.14 fmol cell −1 day −1 ), decreased by a factor of 3 within the first 2 cm, and were relatively constant in deeper layers. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Smeerenburgfjord* Svalbard ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Arctic Svalbard Smeerenburgfjorden ENVELOPE(11.158,11.158,79.681,79.681) Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66 8 3592 3602 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
op_collection_id |
crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT The community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) of a marine Arctic sediment (Smeerenburgfjorden, Svalbard) was characterized by both fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and rRNA slot blot hybridization by using group- and genus-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. The SRB community was dominated by members of the Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus group. This group accounted for up to 73% of the SRB detected and up to 70% of the SRB rRNA detected. The predominance was shown to be a common feature for different stations along the coast of Svalbard. In a top-to-bottom approach we aimed to further resolve the composition of this large group of SRB by using probes for cultivated genera. While this approach failed, directed cloning of probe-targeted genes encoding 16S rRNA was successful and resulted in sequences which were all affiliated with the Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus group. A group of clone sequences (group SVAL1) most closely related to Desulfosarcina variabilis (91.2% sequence similarity) was dominant and was shown to be most abundant in situ, accounting for up to 54.8% of the total SRB detected. A comparison of the two methods used for quantification showed that FISH and rRNA slot blot hybridization gave comparable results. Furthermore, a combination of the two methods allowed us to calculate specific cellular rRNA contents with respect to localization in the sediment profile. The rRNA contents of Desulfosarcina - Desulfococcus cells were highest in the first 5 mm of the sediment (0.9 and 1.4 fg, respectively) and decreased steeply with depth, indicating that maximal metabolic activity occurred close to the surface. Based on SRB cell numbers, cellular sulfate reduction rates were calculated. The rates were highest in the surface layer (0.14 fmol cell −1 day −1 ), decreased by a factor of 3 within the first 2 cm, and were relatively constant in deeper layers. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ravenschlag, Katrin Sahm, Kerstin Knoblauch, Christian Jørgensen, Bo B. Amann, Rudolf |
spellingShingle |
Ravenschlag, Katrin Sahm, Kerstin Knoblauch, Christian Jørgensen, Bo B. Amann, Rudolf Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments |
author_facet |
Ravenschlag, Katrin Sahm, Kerstin Knoblauch, Christian Jørgensen, Bo B. Amann, Rudolf |
author_sort |
Ravenschlag, Katrin |
title |
Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments |
title_short |
Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments |
title_full |
Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments |
title_fullStr |
Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments |
title_sort |
community structure, cellular rrna content, and activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine arctic sediments |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3592-3602.2000 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.66.8.3592-3602.2000 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(11.158,11.158,79.681,79.681) |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Smeerenburgfjorden |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Smeerenburgfjorden |
genre |
Arctic Smeerenburgfjord* Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Smeerenburgfjord* Svalbard |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 66, issue 8, page 3592-3602 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3592-3602.2000 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
66 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
3592 |
op_container_end_page |
3602 |
_version_ |
1809894485591588864 |