Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus)
The dominant rumen bacteria in high-arctic Svalbard reindeer were characterized, their population densities were estimated, and ruminal pH was determined in summer, when food quality and availability are good, and in winter, when they are poor. In summer the total cultured viable population density...
Published in: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
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Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
1985
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 2024-10-06T13:46:09+00:00 Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) Orpin, C G Mathiesen, S D Greenwood, Y Blix, A S 1985 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 50, issue 1, page 144-151 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 1985 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 2024-09-09T04:16:09Z The dominant rumen bacteria in high-arctic Svalbard reindeer were characterized, their population densities were estimated, and ruminal pH was determined in summer, when food quality and availability are good, and in winter, when they are poor. In summer the total cultured viable population density was (2.09 +/- 1.26) X 10(10) cells ml-1, whereas in winter it was (0.36 +/- 0.29) X 10(10) cells ml-1, representing a decrease to 17% of the summer population density. On culture, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens represented 22% of the bacterial population in summer and 30% in winter. Streptococcus bovis represented 17% of the bacterial population in summer but only 4% in winter. Methanogenic bacteria were present at 10(4) cells ml-1 in summer and 10(7) cells ml-1 in winter. In summer and winter, respectively, the proportions of the viable population showing the following activities were as follows: starch utilization, 68 and 63%; fiber digestion, 31 and 74%; cellulolysis, 15 and 35%; xylanolysis, 30 and 58%; proteolysis, 51 and 28%; ureolysis, 40 and 54%; and lactate utilization, 13 and 4%. The principal cellulolytic bacterium was B. fibrisolvens, which represented 66 and 52% of the cellulolytic population in summer and winter, respectively. The results indicate that the microflora of the rumen of Svalbard reindeer is highly effective in fiber digestion and nitrogen metabolism, allowing the animals to survive under the austere nutritional conditions typical of their high-arctic habitat. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Arctic Svalbard Applied and Environmental Microbiology 50 1 144 151 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
op_collection_id |
crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
The dominant rumen bacteria in high-arctic Svalbard reindeer were characterized, their population densities were estimated, and ruminal pH was determined in summer, when food quality and availability are good, and in winter, when they are poor. In summer the total cultured viable population density was (2.09 +/- 1.26) X 10(10) cells ml-1, whereas in winter it was (0.36 +/- 0.29) X 10(10) cells ml-1, representing a decrease to 17% of the summer population density. On culture, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens represented 22% of the bacterial population in summer and 30% in winter. Streptococcus bovis represented 17% of the bacterial population in summer but only 4% in winter. Methanogenic bacteria were present at 10(4) cells ml-1 in summer and 10(7) cells ml-1 in winter. In summer and winter, respectively, the proportions of the viable population showing the following activities were as follows: starch utilization, 68 and 63%; fiber digestion, 31 and 74%; cellulolysis, 15 and 35%; xylanolysis, 30 and 58%; proteolysis, 51 and 28%; ureolysis, 40 and 54%; and lactate utilization, 13 and 4%. The principal cellulolytic bacterium was B. fibrisolvens, which represented 66 and 52% of the cellulolytic population in summer and winter, respectively. The results indicate that the microflora of the rumen of Svalbard reindeer is highly effective in fiber digestion and nitrogen metabolism, allowing the animals to survive under the austere nutritional conditions typical of their high-arctic habitat. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Orpin, C G Mathiesen, S D Greenwood, Y Blix, A S |
spellingShingle |
Orpin, C G Mathiesen, S D Greenwood, Y Blix, A S Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
author_facet |
Orpin, C G Mathiesen, S D Greenwood, Y Blix, A S |
author_sort |
Orpin, C G |
title |
Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
title_short |
Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
title_full |
Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
title_sort |
seasonal changes in the ruminal microflora of the high-arctic svalbard reindeer (rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
1985 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer |
genre_facet |
Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 50, issue 1, page 144-151 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.50.1.144-151.1985 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
50 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
144 |
op_container_end_page |
151 |
_version_ |
1812174477319995392 |