Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii
ABSTRACT Vibrio tubiashii is reported to be a bacterial pathogen of larval Eastern oysters ( Crassostrea virginica ) and Pacific oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) and has been associated with major hatchery crashes, causing shortages in seed oysters for commercial shellfish producers. Another bacterium,...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02930-14 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02930-14 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/aem.02930-14 2024-09-09T19:37:31+00:00 Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Needleman, David S. Church, Karlee M. Häse, Claudia C. Griffiths, M. W. 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02930-14 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02930-14 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 81, issue 1, page 292-297 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 2015 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02930-14 2024-08-26T04:06:48Z ABSTRACT Vibrio tubiashii is reported to be a bacterial pathogen of larval Eastern oysters ( Crassostrea virginica ) and Pacific oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) and has been associated with major hatchery crashes, causing shortages in seed oysters for commercial shellfish producers. Another bacterium, Vibrio coralliilyticus , a well-known coral pathogen, has recently been shown to elicit mortality in fish and shellfish. Several strains of V. coralliilyticus , such as ATCC 19105 and Pacific isolates RE22 and RE98, were misidentified as V. tubiashii until recently. We compared the mortalities caused by two V. tubiashii and four V. coralliilyticus strains in Eastern and Pacific oyster larvae. The 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) of V. coralliilyticus in Eastern oysters (defined here as the dose required to kill 50% of the population in 6 days) ranged from 1.1 × 10 4 to 3.0 × 10 4 CFU/ml seawater; strains RE98 and RE22 were the most virulent. This study shows that V. coralliilyticus causes mortality in Eastern oyster larvae. Results for Pacific oysters were similar, with LD 50 s between 1.2 × 10 4 and 4.0 × 10 4 CFU/ml. Vibrio tubiashii ATCC 19106 and ATCC 19109 were highly infectious toward Eastern oyster larvae but were essentially nonpathogenic toward healthy Pacific oyster larvae at dosages of ≥1.1 × 10 4 CFU/ml. These data, coupled with the fact that several isolates originally thought to be V. tubiashii are actually V. coralliilyticus , suggest that V. coralliilyticus has been a more significant pathogen for larval bivalve shellfish than V. tubiashii , particularly on the U.S. West Coast, contributing to substantial hatchery-associated morbidity and mortality in recent years. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Pacific Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81 1 292 297 |
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Open Polar |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
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crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT Vibrio tubiashii is reported to be a bacterial pathogen of larval Eastern oysters ( Crassostrea virginica ) and Pacific oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) and has been associated with major hatchery crashes, causing shortages in seed oysters for commercial shellfish producers. Another bacterium, Vibrio coralliilyticus , a well-known coral pathogen, has recently been shown to elicit mortality in fish and shellfish. Several strains of V. coralliilyticus , such as ATCC 19105 and Pacific isolates RE22 and RE98, were misidentified as V. tubiashii until recently. We compared the mortalities caused by two V. tubiashii and four V. coralliilyticus strains in Eastern and Pacific oyster larvae. The 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) of V. coralliilyticus in Eastern oysters (defined here as the dose required to kill 50% of the population in 6 days) ranged from 1.1 × 10 4 to 3.0 × 10 4 CFU/ml seawater; strains RE98 and RE22 were the most virulent. This study shows that V. coralliilyticus causes mortality in Eastern oyster larvae. Results for Pacific oysters were similar, with LD 50 s between 1.2 × 10 4 and 4.0 × 10 4 CFU/ml. Vibrio tubiashii ATCC 19106 and ATCC 19109 were highly infectious toward Eastern oyster larvae but were essentially nonpathogenic toward healthy Pacific oyster larvae at dosages of ≥1.1 × 10 4 CFU/ml. These data, coupled with the fact that several isolates originally thought to be V. tubiashii are actually V. coralliilyticus , suggest that V. coralliilyticus has been a more significant pathogen for larval bivalve shellfish than V. tubiashii , particularly on the U.S. West Coast, contributing to substantial hatchery-associated morbidity and mortality in recent years. |
author2 |
Griffiths, M. W. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Needleman, David S. Church, Karlee M. Häse, Claudia C. |
spellingShingle |
Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Needleman, David S. Church, Karlee M. Häse, Claudia C. Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii |
author_facet |
Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Needleman, David S. Church, Karlee M. Häse, Claudia C. |
author_sort |
Richards, Gary P. |
title |
Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii |
title_short |
Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii |
title_full |
Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii |
title_fullStr |
Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii |
title_sort |
mortalities of eastern and pacific oyster larvae caused by the pathogens vibrio coralliilyticus and vibrio tubiashii |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02930-14 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02930-14 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 81, issue 1, page 292-297 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02930-14 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
81 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
292 |
op_container_end_page |
297 |
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1809906670135934976 |