Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling
ABSTRACT Lytic and lysogenic viral infection was investigated throughout the Southern Ocean at sites spanning the sub-Antarctic zone, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and an Antarctic continental sea. Higher lytic virus activity was recorded in the more productive sub-Antarctic zone than in the ir...
Published in: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01388-12 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01388-12 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/aem.01388-12 2024-09-15T17:42:20+00:00 Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling Evans, Claire Brussaard, Corina P. D. 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01388-12 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01388-12 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 78, issue 18, page 6741-6748 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 2012 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01388-12 2024-08-12T04:06:17Z ABSTRACT Lytic and lysogenic viral infection was investigated throughout the Southern Ocean at sites spanning the sub-Antarctic zone, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and an Antarctic continental sea. Higher lytic virus activity was recorded in the more productive sub-Antarctic zone than in the iron-limited waters of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current during two transects. Reduced lytic viral activity in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current was combined with a shift toward lysogenic infection, probably resulting from the lower concentration of potential prokaryotic hosts. Superimposed on this variation, lytic viral production was lower in a transect completed in the Drake Passage in autumn (1.8 × 10 8 to 1.5 × 10 9 liter −1 day −1 ) than over the Greenwich Meridian during summer (5.1 × 10 8 to 2.0 × 10 10 cells liter −1 day −1 ), indicating that viral activity is linked to the overall seasonal fluctuations in biotic activity. Interestingly, while prokaryotic abundance was lowest in the coastal Weddell Sea, levels of bacterial and lytic viral production (4.3 × 10 8 to 1.7 × 10 10 cells liter −1 day −1 ) in this area were similar to those of the other zones. This may explain the weak relationship between the distribution of prokaryotes and chlorophyll in the Weddell Sea, as a high turnover of prokaryotic biomass may have been stimulated by the availability of substrates in the form of viral lysate. With estimated carbon and iron releases of 0.02 to 7.5 μg liter −1 day −1 and 1.5 to 175.7 pg liter −1 day −1 , respectively, viral activity in the Southern Ocean is shown to be a major contributor to satisfying the elemental requirements of microbes, notably prokaryotes in the Weddell Sea and phytoplankton in the sub-Antarctic zone. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean Weddell Sea ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78 18 6741 6748 |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
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crasmicro |
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English |
description |
ABSTRACT Lytic and lysogenic viral infection was investigated throughout the Southern Ocean at sites spanning the sub-Antarctic zone, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and an Antarctic continental sea. Higher lytic virus activity was recorded in the more productive sub-Antarctic zone than in the iron-limited waters of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current during two transects. Reduced lytic viral activity in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current was combined with a shift toward lysogenic infection, probably resulting from the lower concentration of potential prokaryotic hosts. Superimposed on this variation, lytic viral production was lower in a transect completed in the Drake Passage in autumn (1.8 × 10 8 to 1.5 × 10 9 liter −1 day −1 ) than over the Greenwich Meridian during summer (5.1 × 10 8 to 2.0 × 10 10 cells liter −1 day −1 ), indicating that viral activity is linked to the overall seasonal fluctuations in biotic activity. Interestingly, while prokaryotic abundance was lowest in the coastal Weddell Sea, levels of bacterial and lytic viral production (4.3 × 10 8 to 1.7 × 10 10 cells liter −1 day −1 ) in this area were similar to those of the other zones. This may explain the weak relationship between the distribution of prokaryotes and chlorophyll in the Weddell Sea, as a high turnover of prokaryotic biomass may have been stimulated by the availability of substrates in the form of viral lysate. With estimated carbon and iron releases of 0.02 to 7.5 μg liter −1 day −1 and 1.5 to 175.7 pg liter −1 day −1 , respectively, viral activity in the Southern Ocean is shown to be a major contributor to satisfying the elemental requirements of microbes, notably prokaryotes in the Weddell Sea and phytoplankton in the sub-Antarctic zone. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Evans, Claire Brussaard, Corina P. D. |
spellingShingle |
Evans, Claire Brussaard, Corina P. D. Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling |
author_facet |
Evans, Claire Brussaard, Corina P. D. |
author_sort |
Evans, Claire |
title |
Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling |
title_short |
Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling |
title_full |
Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling |
title_fullStr |
Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regional Variation in Lytic and Lysogenic Viral Infection in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to Biogeochemical Cycling |
title_sort |
regional variation in lytic and lysogenic viral infection in the southern ocean and its contribution to biogeochemical cycling |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01388-12 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01388-12 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 78, issue 18, page 6741-6748 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01388-12 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
78 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
6741 |
op_container_end_page |
6748 |
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1810488853401698304 |