Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats
ABSTRACT The microcystin (MC) content and cyanobacterial community structure of Antarctic microbial mat samples collected from 40 ponds, lakes, and hydroterrestrial environments were investigated. Samples were collected from Bratina Island and four of the Dry Valleys, Wright, Victoria, Miers, and Ma...
Published in: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2008
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01243-08 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01243-08 |
id |
crasmicro:10.1128/aem.01243-08 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crasmicro:10.1128/aem.01243-08 2024-06-23T07:47:14+00:00 Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats Wood, Susanna A. Mountfort, Doug Selwood, Andrew I. Holland, Patrick T. Puddick, Jonathan Cary, S. Craig 2008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01243-08 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01243-08 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 74, issue 23, page 7243-7251 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 2008 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01243-08 2024-06-10T04:07:07Z ABSTRACT The microcystin (MC) content and cyanobacterial community structure of Antarctic microbial mat samples collected from 40 ponds, lakes, and hydroterrestrial environments were investigated. Samples were collected from Bratina Island and four of the Dry Valleys, Wright, Victoria, Miers, and Marshall. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and protein phosphatase 2A (PP-2A) inhibition assays resulted in the identification of low levels (1 to 16 mg/kg [dry weight]) of MCs in all samples. A plot of indicative potencies of MCs (PP-2A inhibition assay/ELISA ratio) versus total MCs (ELISA) showed a general decrease in potency, as total MC levels increased, and a clustering of values from discrete geographic locations. LC-tandem MS analysis on selected samples identified eight novel MC congeners. The low-energy collisional activation spectra were consistent with variants of [ d -Asp 3 ] MC-RR and [ d -Asp 3 ] MC-LR containing glycine [Gly 1 ] rather than alanine and combinations of homoarginine [hAr 2 ] or acetyldemethyl 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-4,6-decadienoic acid (acetyldemethyl ADDA) [ADMAdda 5 ] substitutions. Nostoc sp. was identified as a MC producer using PCR amplification of a region of the 16S rRNA gene and the aminotransferase domain of the mcyE gene. Automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) was undertaken to enable a comparison of cyanobacterial mat community structure from distant geographical locations. Two-dimensional multidimensional scaling ordination analysis of the ARISA data showed that in general, samples from the same geographic location tended to cluster together. ARISA also enabled the putative identification of the MC-producing Nostoc sp. from multiple samples. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Bratina Island ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Antarctic Bratina Island ENVELOPE(165.533,165.533,-78.017,-78.017) Miers ENVELOPE(163.850,163.850,-78.100,-78.100) Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74 23 7243 7251 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
op_collection_id |
crasmicro |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT The microcystin (MC) content and cyanobacterial community structure of Antarctic microbial mat samples collected from 40 ponds, lakes, and hydroterrestrial environments were investigated. Samples were collected from Bratina Island and four of the Dry Valleys, Wright, Victoria, Miers, and Marshall. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and protein phosphatase 2A (PP-2A) inhibition assays resulted in the identification of low levels (1 to 16 mg/kg [dry weight]) of MCs in all samples. A plot of indicative potencies of MCs (PP-2A inhibition assay/ELISA ratio) versus total MCs (ELISA) showed a general decrease in potency, as total MC levels increased, and a clustering of values from discrete geographic locations. LC-tandem MS analysis on selected samples identified eight novel MC congeners. The low-energy collisional activation spectra were consistent with variants of [ d -Asp 3 ] MC-RR and [ d -Asp 3 ] MC-LR containing glycine [Gly 1 ] rather than alanine and combinations of homoarginine [hAr 2 ] or acetyldemethyl 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-4,6-decadienoic acid (acetyldemethyl ADDA) [ADMAdda 5 ] substitutions. Nostoc sp. was identified as a MC producer using PCR amplification of a region of the 16S rRNA gene and the aminotransferase domain of the mcyE gene. Automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) was undertaken to enable a comparison of cyanobacterial mat community structure from distant geographical locations. Two-dimensional multidimensional scaling ordination analysis of the ARISA data showed that in general, samples from the same geographic location tended to cluster together. ARISA also enabled the putative identification of the MC-producing Nostoc sp. from multiple samples. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wood, Susanna A. Mountfort, Doug Selwood, Andrew I. Holland, Patrick T. Puddick, Jonathan Cary, S. Craig |
spellingShingle |
Wood, Susanna A. Mountfort, Doug Selwood, Andrew I. Holland, Patrick T. Puddick, Jonathan Cary, S. Craig Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats |
author_facet |
Wood, Susanna A. Mountfort, Doug Selwood, Andrew I. Holland, Patrick T. Puddick, Jonathan Cary, S. Craig |
author_sort |
Wood, Susanna A. |
title |
Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats |
title_short |
Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats |
title_full |
Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats |
title_fullStr |
Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats |
title_full_unstemmed |
Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats |
title_sort |
widespread distribution and identification of eight novel microcystins in antarctic cyanobacterial mats |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01243-08 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01243-08 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(165.533,165.533,-78.017,-78.017) ENVELOPE(163.850,163.850,-78.100,-78.100) |
geographic |
Antarctic Bratina Island Miers |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Bratina Island Miers |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Bratina Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Bratina Island |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 74, issue 23, page 7243-7251 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01243-08 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
74 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
7243 |
op_container_end_page |
7251 |
_version_ |
1802651331135012864 |