Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere
ABSTRACT Coliphage N4 is a lytic bacteriophage discovered nearly half a century ago, and it was considered to be a “genetic orphan” until very recently, when several additional N4-like phages were discovered to infect nonenteric bacterial hosts. Interest in this genus of phages is stimulated by thei...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00832-15 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.00832-15 |
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crasmicro:10.1128/aem.00832-15 2024-09-15T17:41:20+00:00 Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere Zhan, Yuanchao Buchan, Alison Chen, Feng Schaffner, D. W. 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00832-15 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.00832-15 en eng American Society for Microbiology https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 81, issue 15, page 5196-5202 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 journal-article 2015 crasmicro https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00832-15 2024-06-24T04:09:30Z ABSTRACT Coliphage N4 is a lytic bacteriophage discovered nearly half a century ago, and it was considered to be a “genetic orphan” until very recently, when several additional N4-like phages were discovered to infect nonenteric bacterial hosts. Interest in this genus of phages is stimulated by their unique genetic features and propagation strategies. To better understand the ecology of N4-like phages, we investigated the diversity and geographic patterns of N4-like phages by examining 56 Chesapeake Bay viral communities, using a PCR-clone library approach targeting a diagnostic N4-like DNA polymerase gene. Many new lineages of N4-like phages were found in the bay, and their genotypes shift from the lower to the upper bay. Interestingly, signature sequences of N4-like phages were recovered only from winter month samples, when water temperatures were below 4°C. An analysis of existing metagenomic libraries from various aquatic environments supports the hypothesis that N4-like phages are most prolific in colder waters. In particular, a high number of N4-like phages were detected in Organic Lake, Antarctica, a cold and hypersaline system. The prevalence of N4-like phages in the cold biosphere suggests these viruses possess yet-to-be-determined mechanisms that facilitate lytic infections under cold conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81 15 5196 5202 |
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ASM Journals (American Society for Microbiology) |
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English |
description |
ABSTRACT Coliphage N4 is a lytic bacteriophage discovered nearly half a century ago, and it was considered to be a “genetic orphan” until very recently, when several additional N4-like phages were discovered to infect nonenteric bacterial hosts. Interest in this genus of phages is stimulated by their unique genetic features and propagation strategies. To better understand the ecology of N4-like phages, we investigated the diversity and geographic patterns of N4-like phages by examining 56 Chesapeake Bay viral communities, using a PCR-clone library approach targeting a diagnostic N4-like DNA polymerase gene. Many new lineages of N4-like phages were found in the bay, and their genotypes shift from the lower to the upper bay. Interestingly, signature sequences of N4-like phages were recovered only from winter month samples, when water temperatures were below 4°C. An analysis of existing metagenomic libraries from various aquatic environments supports the hypothesis that N4-like phages are most prolific in colder waters. In particular, a high number of N4-like phages were detected in Organic Lake, Antarctica, a cold and hypersaline system. The prevalence of N4-like phages in the cold biosphere suggests these viruses possess yet-to-be-determined mechanisms that facilitate lytic infections under cold conditions. |
author2 |
Schaffner, D. W. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zhan, Yuanchao Buchan, Alison Chen, Feng |
spellingShingle |
Zhan, Yuanchao Buchan, Alison Chen, Feng Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere |
author_facet |
Zhan, Yuanchao Buchan, Alison Chen, Feng |
author_sort |
Zhan, Yuanchao |
title |
Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere |
title_short |
Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere |
title_full |
Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere |
title_fullStr |
Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Novel N4 Bacteriophages Prevail in the Cold Biosphere |
title_sort |
novel n4 bacteriophages prevail in the cold biosphere |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00832-15 https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.00832-15 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology volume 81, issue 15, page 5196-5202 ISSN 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
op_rights |
https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00832-15 |
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Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
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81 |
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15 |
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5196 |
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5202 |
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