Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12
Each spring, most bowhead whales of the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (BCB) population migrate to the southeast Beaufort Sea and summer in Canadian waters. In August and September, they form aggregations, which are known to occur mainly in the shallow, shelf waters when oceanographic conditions promote co...
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The Arctic Institute of North America
2017
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crarcticinstna:10.14430/arctic4648 2024-06-23T07:48:12+00:00 Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 Harwood, Lois A. Quakenbush, Lori T. Small, Robert J. George, J. Craig Pokiak, James Pokiak, Charles Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter Lea, Ellen V. Brower, Harry 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4648 http://arctic.journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/arctic/index.php/arctic/article/viewFile/4648/4845 unknown The Arctic Institute of North America http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ARCTIC volume 70, issue 2, page 161 ISSN 1923-1245 0004-0843 journal-article 2017 crarcticinstna https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4648 2024-06-11T04:00:56Z Each spring, most bowhead whales of the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (BCB) population migrate to the southeast Beaufort Sea and summer in Canadian waters. In August and September, they form aggregations, which are known to occur mainly in the shallow, shelf waters when oceanographic conditions promote concentration of their zooplankton prey. The movements of individual bowheads while they occupy these late summer habitats are less well known; our knowledge is based on photographic evidence and limited tagging studies conducted from 1982 to 2000. In this study, 85% (17) of the 20 satellite-tagged whales that could have spent some time in the Canadian portion of the Beaufort Sea during late summer 2006 to 2012 spent all or part of August and September there. We analyzed location data for 16 whales, using a two-state switching correlated random walk (CRW) behavioural model, and classified locations in the Canadian waters as associated with lingering behaviour (inferred foraging) or directed travel. We found that these whales spent the greatest proportion of their time lingering (59%), followed by traveling (22%), and transitioning between lingering and traveling (19%). Using only lingering locations for these tagged whales in all study years pooled, we calculated kernel densities and defined five areas within the 75% density contour as aggregation areas. Together, the five aggregation areas we defined comprised 25 341 km2, 14.1% of the total area used by these tagged whales in Canadian waters during August and September of the deployment years. Three aggregation areas were located in shallow waters of the Beaufort Sea Shelf and were used almost exclusively by immature tagged whales in our sample. Two other aggregation areas were observed, one in Darnley Bay and one in Viscount Melville Sound in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Each of these was used by one mature whale. Tagged whales were observed to use one or two aggregation areas in a single season, and rarely more. The proportion of lingering time spent in each ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Beaufort Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago Chukchi Darnley Bay Viscount Melville Sound Zooplankton Arctic Institute of North America Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Darnley ENVELOPE(69.717,69.717,-67.717,-67.717) Darnley Bay ENVELOPE(-123.671,-123.671,69.584,69.584) Melville Sound ENVELOPE(-107.002,-107.002,68.168,68.168) Viscount Melville Sound ENVELOPE(-109.836,-109.836,74.046,74.046) ARCTIC 70 2 161 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Arctic Institute of North America |
op_collection_id |
crarcticinstna |
language |
unknown |
description |
Each spring, most bowhead whales of the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (BCB) population migrate to the southeast Beaufort Sea and summer in Canadian waters. In August and September, they form aggregations, which are known to occur mainly in the shallow, shelf waters when oceanographic conditions promote concentration of their zooplankton prey. The movements of individual bowheads while they occupy these late summer habitats are less well known; our knowledge is based on photographic evidence and limited tagging studies conducted from 1982 to 2000. In this study, 85% (17) of the 20 satellite-tagged whales that could have spent some time in the Canadian portion of the Beaufort Sea during late summer 2006 to 2012 spent all or part of August and September there. We analyzed location data for 16 whales, using a two-state switching correlated random walk (CRW) behavioural model, and classified locations in the Canadian waters as associated with lingering behaviour (inferred foraging) or directed travel. We found that these whales spent the greatest proportion of their time lingering (59%), followed by traveling (22%), and transitioning between lingering and traveling (19%). Using only lingering locations for these tagged whales in all study years pooled, we calculated kernel densities and defined five areas within the 75% density contour as aggregation areas. Together, the five aggregation areas we defined comprised 25 341 km2, 14.1% of the total area used by these tagged whales in Canadian waters during August and September of the deployment years. Three aggregation areas were located in shallow waters of the Beaufort Sea Shelf and were used almost exclusively by immature tagged whales in our sample. Two other aggregation areas were observed, one in Darnley Bay and one in Viscount Melville Sound in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Each of these was used by one mature whale. Tagged whales were observed to use one or two aggregation areas in a single season, and rarely more. The proportion of lingering time spent in each ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Harwood, Lois A. Quakenbush, Lori T. Small, Robert J. George, J. Craig Pokiak, James Pokiak, Charles Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter Lea, Ellen V. Brower, Harry |
spellingShingle |
Harwood, Lois A. Quakenbush, Lori T. Small, Robert J. George, J. Craig Pokiak, James Pokiak, Charles Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter Lea, Ellen V. Brower, Harry Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 |
author_facet |
Harwood, Lois A. Quakenbush, Lori T. Small, Robert J. George, J. Craig Pokiak, James Pokiak, Charles Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter Lea, Ellen V. Brower, Harry |
author_sort |
Harwood, Lois A. |
title |
Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 |
title_short |
Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 |
title_full |
Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 |
title_fullStr |
Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Movements and Inferred Foraging by Bowhead Whales in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during August and September, 2006–12 |
title_sort |
movements and inferred foraging by bowhead whales in the canadian beaufort sea during august and september, 2006–12 |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4648 http://arctic.journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/arctic/index.php/arctic/article/viewFile/4648/4845 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(69.717,69.717,-67.717,-67.717) ENVELOPE(-123.671,-123.671,69.584,69.584) ENVELOPE(-107.002,-107.002,68.168,68.168) ENVELOPE(-109.836,-109.836,74.046,74.046) |
geographic |
Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Darnley Darnley Bay Melville Sound Viscount Melville Sound |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canadian Arctic Archipelago Darnley Darnley Bay Melville Sound Viscount Melville Sound |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Beaufort Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago Chukchi Darnley Bay Viscount Melville Sound Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Beaufort Sea Canadian Arctic Archipelago Chukchi Darnley Bay Viscount Melville Sound Zooplankton |
op_source |
ARCTIC volume 70, issue 2, page 161 ISSN 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4648 |
container_title |
ARCTIC |
container_volume |
70 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
161 |
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1802638627387211776 |