Electricity in Volcanic Clouds
In November of 1963 an oceanic volcano produced an island, Surtsey, just off the southern coast of Iceland. The volcanic crater was often flooded with sea water. Vigorous eruptions of steam and tephra were accompanied by an enhancement of the normal fine-weather potential gradient, and lightning was...
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
1965
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 |
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craaas:10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 2024-06-23T07:54:00+00:00 Electricity in Volcanic Clouds Investigations show that lightning can result from charge-separation processes in a volcanic crater. Anderson, Robert Gathman, Stuart Hughes, James Björnsson, Sveinbjörn Jónasson, Sigurgeir Blanchard, Duncan C. Moore, Charles B. Survilas, Henry J. Vonnegut, Bernard 1965 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 en eng American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Science volume 148, issue 3674, page 1179-1189 ISSN 0036-8075 1095-9203 journal-article 1965 craaas https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 2024-06-06T04:01:00Z In November of 1963 an oceanic volcano produced an island, Surtsey, just off the southern coast of Iceland. The volcanic crater was often flooded with sea water. Vigorous eruptions of steam and tephra were accompanied by an enhancement of the normal fine-weather potential gradient, and lightning was often observed. Measurements of atmospheric electricity and visual and photographic observations lead us to believe that the electrical activity is caused by the ejection from the volcano into the atmosphere of material carrying a large positive charge. The concentration of charge in the eruption plume as it issued from the orifice of the volcano is estimated to be of the order of 10 5 or 10 6 elementary charges per cubic centimeter. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Surtsey AAAS Resource Center (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Surtsey ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) Science 148 3674 1179 1189 |
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Open Polar |
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AAAS Resource Center (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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craaas |
language |
English |
description |
In November of 1963 an oceanic volcano produced an island, Surtsey, just off the southern coast of Iceland. The volcanic crater was often flooded with sea water. Vigorous eruptions of steam and tephra were accompanied by an enhancement of the normal fine-weather potential gradient, and lightning was often observed. Measurements of atmospheric electricity and visual and photographic observations lead us to believe that the electrical activity is caused by the ejection from the volcano into the atmosphere of material carrying a large positive charge. The concentration of charge in the eruption plume as it issued from the orifice of the volcano is estimated to be of the order of 10 5 or 10 6 elementary charges per cubic centimeter. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Anderson, Robert Gathman, Stuart Hughes, James Björnsson, Sveinbjörn Jónasson, Sigurgeir Blanchard, Duncan C. Moore, Charles B. Survilas, Henry J. Vonnegut, Bernard |
spellingShingle |
Anderson, Robert Gathman, Stuart Hughes, James Björnsson, Sveinbjörn Jónasson, Sigurgeir Blanchard, Duncan C. Moore, Charles B. Survilas, Henry J. Vonnegut, Bernard Electricity in Volcanic Clouds |
author_facet |
Anderson, Robert Gathman, Stuart Hughes, James Björnsson, Sveinbjörn Jónasson, Sigurgeir Blanchard, Duncan C. Moore, Charles B. Survilas, Henry J. Vonnegut, Bernard |
author_sort |
Anderson, Robert |
title |
Electricity in Volcanic Clouds |
title_short |
Electricity in Volcanic Clouds |
title_full |
Electricity in Volcanic Clouds |
title_fullStr |
Electricity in Volcanic Clouds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Electricity in Volcanic Clouds |
title_sort |
electricity in volcanic clouds |
publisher |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
publishDate |
1965 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) |
geographic |
Surtsey |
geographic_facet |
Surtsey |
genre |
Iceland Surtsey |
genre_facet |
Iceland Surtsey |
op_source |
Science volume 148, issue 3674, page 1179-1189 ISSN 0036-8075 1095-9203 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3674.1179 |
container_title |
Science |
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148 |
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3674 |
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1179 |
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1189 |
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1802645919475171328 |