20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing
Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and conce...
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2007
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1144856 |
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craaas:10.1126/science.1144856 2024-06-23T07:45:07+00:00 20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing McConnell, Joseph R. Edwards, Ross Kok, Gregory L. Flanner, Mark G. Zender, Charles S. Saltzman, Eric S. Banta, J. Ryan Pasteris, Daniel R. Carter, Megan M. Kahl, Jonathan D. W. 2007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1144856 en eng American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Science volume 317, issue 5843, page 1381-1384 ISSN 0036-8075 1095-9203 journal-article 2007 craaas https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 2024-05-24T12:53:57Z Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and concentrations of BC in Greenland precipitation varied greatly since 1788 as a result of boreal forest fires and industrial activities. Beginning about 1850, industrial emissions resulted in a sevenfold increase in ice-core BC concentrations, with most change occurring in winter. BC concentrations after about 1951 were lower but increasing. At its maximum from 1906 to 1910, estimated surface climate forcing in early summer from BC in Arctic snow was about 3 watts per square meter, which is eight times the typical preindustrial forcing value. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic black carbon Greenland ice core AAAS Resource Center (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Arctic Greenland Science 317 5843 1381 1384 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
AAAS Resource Center (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
op_collection_id |
craaas |
language |
English |
description |
Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and concentrations of BC in Greenland precipitation varied greatly since 1788 as a result of boreal forest fires and industrial activities. Beginning about 1850, industrial emissions resulted in a sevenfold increase in ice-core BC concentrations, with most change occurring in winter. BC concentrations after about 1951 were lower but increasing. At its maximum from 1906 to 1910, estimated surface climate forcing in early summer from BC in Arctic snow was about 3 watts per square meter, which is eight times the typical preindustrial forcing value. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McConnell, Joseph R. Edwards, Ross Kok, Gregory L. Flanner, Mark G. Zender, Charles S. Saltzman, Eric S. Banta, J. Ryan Pasteris, Daniel R. Carter, Megan M. Kahl, Jonathan D. W. |
spellingShingle |
McConnell, Joseph R. Edwards, Ross Kok, Gregory L. Flanner, Mark G. Zender, Charles S. Saltzman, Eric S. Banta, J. Ryan Pasteris, Daniel R. Carter, Megan M. Kahl, Jonathan D. W. 20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
author_facet |
McConnell, Joseph R. Edwards, Ross Kok, Gregory L. Flanner, Mark G. Zender, Charles S. Saltzman, Eric S. Banta, J. Ryan Pasteris, Daniel R. Carter, Megan M. Kahl, Jonathan D. W. |
author_sort |
McConnell, Joseph R. |
title |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_short |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_full |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_fullStr |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_sort |
20th-century industrial black carbon emissions altered arctic climate forcing |
publisher |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1144856 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
albedo Arctic black carbon Greenland ice core |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic black carbon Greenland ice core |
op_source |
Science volume 317, issue 5843, page 1381-1384 ISSN 0036-8075 1095-9203 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 |
container_title |
Science |
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317 |
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5843 |
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1381 |
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1384 |
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1802651451070087168 |